Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 106, Shloka 7

भरतवाक्यं—रामस्य पुनरायोध्यागमननिषेधः

Bharata’s Plea and Rama’s Refusal to Return

Devanagari script

न त्वामेवं गुणैर्युक्तं प्रभवाभवकोविदम्।अविषह्यतमं दुःखमासादयितुमर्हति।।।।

Transliteration

na tvām evaṃ guṇair yuktaṃ prabhavābhavakovidam | aviṣahyatamaṃ duḥkham āsādayitum arhati ||

Translation

你具此诸德，善知兴衰、生死之理；实不相称让你遭遇那最难忍受的痛苦。

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Niṣedha-nipāta (negation)

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (by usage), Dvitīyā (Accusative, 2nd), Ekavacana

• evam: thus / in this way
• evam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Prakāra-avyaya (manner adverb)

• guṇaiḥ: with virtues
• guṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental, 3rd), Bahuvacana (Plural)

• yuktam: endowed (with)
• yuktam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yuj (धातु)
• Form: Kta-pratyaya past participle (क्त), Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; agrees with tvām (acc.) in sense: ‘endowed’

• prabhavābhavakovidam: knowing origin and end (life and death)
• prabhavābhavakovidam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prabhava-abhava-kovida (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative, 2nd), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa (dvandva-like base within): prabhava (origin) + abhava (cessation) + kovida (skilled/knowing)

• aviṣahyatamam: most unbearable
• aviṣahyatamam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-viṣahya-tama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; superlative (tama) with privative a-

• duḥkham: grief / sorrow
• duḥkham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• āsādayitum: to reach / to befall
• āsādayitum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-sad (धातु)
• Form: Tumun-anta (infinitive, तुमुन्)

• arhati: is proper / is fit
• arhati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: arh (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (Present), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana

Context

It is not proper for a virtuous man like you, who is cognizant in matters of life and death, to be overwhelmed by such insufferable grief.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes resilience: understanding impermanence (rise and fall) should mature into endurance rather than despair.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata continues persuading Rāma, arguing from Rāma’s own wisdom and virtues that grief should not overpower him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Detachment and steadiness grounded in insight into life’s changes.