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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 105, Shloka 40

भरतस्य प्रार्थना—रामस्य कालधर्मोपदेशः

Bharata’s Petition and Rama’s Instruction on Time and Mortality

Devanagari script

स स्वस्थो भव मा शोचेर्यात्वा चावसतां पुरीम्।तथा पित्रा नियुक्तोऽसि वशिना वदतां वर।।2.105.40।।

Transliteration

sa svastho bhava mā śocer yātvā cāvasatāṃ purīm | tathā pitrā niyukto 'si vaśinā vadatāṃ vara || 2.105.40 ||

Translation

你当安定身心，莫要忧伤；回去住在那座城中。因为你已奉我们那位自制的父王之命——善言之最者啊。

Word by Word
सःyou
सः:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; संबोधनार्थे (you) epic usage
स्वस्थःcomposed/at ease
स्वस्थः:
विधेय (predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषणम्
भवbe
भव:
क्रिया (verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन
माdo not
मा:
निषेध (prohibition)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेधार्थक (prohibitive particle used with optative/imperative)
शोचेःyou should grieve
शोचेः:
क्रिया (verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootशुच् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), आत्मनेपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन
यात्वाhaving gone/returned
यात्वा:
क्रियाविशेषण (absolutive)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), पूर्वकाल
चand
च:
समुच्चय (conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात
आवसताम्reside
आवसताम्:
क्रिया (verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-वस् (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; छन्दसि/पाठभेदेन 'आवस' इत्यर्थे दीर्घरूप (epic/metrical form)
ताम्that
ताम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (पुरीम्)
पुरीम्city
पुरीम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object; goal)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
तथाthus
तथा:
क्रियाविशेषण (manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारार्थक (thus/in that manner)
पित्राby (your) father
पित्रा:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument; agent)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
नियुक्तःcommanded/appointed
नियुक्तः:
विधेय (predicate; with 'asi')
TypeVerb
Rootनि-युज् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (appointed/commanded)
असिare
असि:
क्रिया (copula)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन
वशिनाby the self-controlled (father)
वशिना:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument; agent)
TypeNoun
Rootवशिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषणरूपेण (self-controlled one)
वदताम्of speakers
वदताम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootवद् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle) बहुवचन-षष्ठी (Genitive plural) 'वदताम्' = of speakers/eloquent ones
वरO best
वर:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootवर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
Context

O foremost of the eloquent, compose yourself. Do not grieve. Return to the city (Ayodhya) and reside there. You have been commanded so by our father who was a man of self-control.

Characters & Entities
D
Daśaratha
A
Ayodhyā

FAQs

Respect for paternal instruction and self-mastery: dharma is maintained by composure and by carrying out the disciplined father’s directive.

Bharata instructs Śatrughna to stop grieving and to return to Ayodhyā, citing Daśaratha’s prior command.

Discipline and duty-orientation: acting on rightful instruction rather than being driven by emotion.

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