Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 103, Shloka 3

पिण्डदानदर्शनम्

The Queens Behold Rama’s Śrāddha Offering

Devanagari script

कौसल्या बाष्पपूर्णेन मुखेन परिशुष्यता।सुमित्रामब्रवीद्दीना याश्चान्या राजयोषितः।।2.103.3।।

Transliteration

kausalyā bāṣpa-pūrṇena mukhena pariśuṣyatā | sumitrām abravīd dīnā yāś cānyā rājayoṣitaḥ || 2.103.3 ||

Translation

憔悴的憍萨利耶面容满是泪水，因悲痛而枯槁；她凄然对苏蜜多罗以及其他王妃说道。

Word by Word

• कौसल्या: Kausalyā
• कौसल्या: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौसल्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; व्यक्तिवाचक

• बाष्पपूर्णेन: filled with tears
• बाष्पपूर्णेन: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बाष्पपूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक; components: बाष्प + पूर्ण)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies मुखेन)

• मुखेन: with (her) face
• मुखेन: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• परिशुष्यता: being parched/emaciating
• परिशुष्यता: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/State)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि-शुष् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies कौसल्या; ‘while drying/emaciating’)

• सुमित्राम्: Sumitrā
• सुमित्राम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुमित्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• अब्रवीत्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• दीनā: distressed
• दीनā: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies कौसल्या)

• याः: who (the ones)
• याः: Karta (कर्ता/Co-subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• अन्याः: other
• अन्याः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifies राजयोषितः)

• राजयोषितः: the king's women/wives
• राजयोषितः: Karta (कर्ता/Co-subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजयोषित् (प्रातिपदिक; components: राजन् + योषित्)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

Context

Kausalya, with eyes filled with tears and her face emaciated, addressing Sumitra andthe other wives of the king sadly said:

Characters & Entities

• Kausalyā
• Sumitrā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Shared suffering calls for shared support: dharma within family and community includes standing together in adversity rather than isolating grief.

What is the narrative situation?

Within the royal household, Kausalyā—overcome with sorrow—addresses Sumitrā and the other queens, preparing the emotional and moral frame for what follows.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kausalyā’s honesty of emotion and her turning toward community (the queens) rather than withdrawing into solitary despair.