Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 103, Shloka 16

पिण्डदानदर्शनम्

The Queens Behold Rama’s Śrāddha Offering

Devanagari script

एवमार्तां सपत्न्यस्ता जग्मुराश्वास्य तां तदा।ददृशुश्चाश्रमे रामं स्वर्गच्युतमिवामरम्।।2.103.16।।

Transliteration

evam ārtāṃ sapatnyas tā jagmur āśvāsya tāṃ tadā | dadṛśuś cāśrame rāmaṃ svargacyutam ivāmaram ||

Translation

她们就这样安慰了悲恸的憍萨利耶，诸位共妻随后前行；在林中道场里，她们见到罗摩，宛如自天界坠落的神明。

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• ārtām: distressed
• ārtām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ārta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifies tām

• sapatnyaḥ: co-wives
• sapatnyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sapatnī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana

• tāḥ: they
• tāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Bahuvacana; apposition to sapatnyaḥ

• jagmuḥ: went
• jagmuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (लिट्; perfect), Prathama-puruṣa, Bahuvacana; parasmaipada

• āśvāsya: having consoled
• āśvāsya: Kriyā-pūrvakāla (क्रिया-पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-śvas (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), indeclinable

• tām: her
• tām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Temporal adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• dadṛśuḥ: saw
• dadṛśuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (perfect), Prathama-puruṣa, Bahuvacana; parasmaipada

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• āśrame: in the hermitage
• āśrame: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āśrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

• rāmam: Rāma
• rāmam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• svargacyutam: fallen from heaven
• svargacyutam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svarga-cyuta (प्रातिपदिक; स्वर्ग + च्युत)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifies rāmam

• iva: like
• iva: Upamāna-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Simile particle (उपमावाचक-अव्यय)

• amaram: an immortal/god
• amaram: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: amara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; in apposition to rāmam (as compared)

Context

The co-wives, having thus consoled the distressed Kausalya, went to the hermitage. There they beheld Rama who looked like a god dislodged from heaven.

Characters & Entities

• Kausalya
• Rama
• hermitage (āśrama)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes compassionate solidarity: even amid rivalry, the queens act to console Kausalya and move together toward Rama, placing humane duty above household division.

What is the narrative situation?

The queens, after comforting Kausalya, proceed to the hermitage and behold Rama in an altered, exile-worn state.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The queens’ empathy and restraint; Rama’s divine dignity is also implied through the comparison, even in diminished outward circumstances.