Padma Purana — Bhumi Khanda, Shloka 64

Pitṛ-tīrtha Context: Marks of Sin, Śrāddha Discipline, and Karmic Ripening

in Yayāti’s Narrative

Devanagari script

कन्याया वरयोग्याया अदानं सदृशे वरे । पुत्रमित्रकलत्रेषु गमनं भगिनीषु च

Transliteration

kanyāyā varayogyāyā adānaṃ sadṛśe vare | putramitrakalatreṣu gamanaṃ bhaginīṣu ca

Translation

将适婚之女嫁与相称、相等之良婿；并探望自己的儿子、友人、配偶，以及姊妹——皆为可称赞之本分。

Word by Word

• कन्यायाः: of a maiden/daughter
• कन्यायाः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कन्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine/स्त्री), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular/एकवचन)

• वरयोग्यायाः: of (one) fit for a groom
• वरयोग्यायाः: विशेषण-सम्बन्ध (Adjectival genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर + योग्य (प्रातिपदिक); योग्य (कृदन्त-विशेषण from √युज्/योगे, but used as adjective)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुष-समास (Determinative): वरस्य योग्याः = fit for a groom

• अदानम्: non-giving; not giving (in marriage)
• अदानम्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदान (प्रातिपदिक) [a- + दान]
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• सदृशे: in/with a suitable (matching) one
• सदृशे: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण) (qualifying the locus 'in/with a suitable one')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• वरे: in/with a groom
• वरे: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• पुत्रमित्रकलत्रेषु: among sons, friends, and wives
• पुत्रमित्रकलत्रेषु: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र + मित्र + कलत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter; dvandva often neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (Plural); द्वन्द्व-समास (Copulative): पुत्राश्च मित्राणि च कलत्राणि च

• गमनम्: going; sexual approach (contextual)
• गमनम्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गमन (प्रातिपदिक) [from √गम् (धातु) via action-noun]
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• भगिनीषु: among/with sisters
• भगिनीषु: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भगिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (Plural)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (Conjunction/समुच्चय)

Speaker

Unspecified (context-dependent within Bhūmi-khaṇḍa Adhyaya 67)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: कन्याया→कन्यायाः; वरयोग्याया→वरयोग्यायाः; पुत्रमित्रकलत्रेषु is a dvandva compound in locative plural.

FAQs

What ethical lesson is taught in this verse?

It highlights household (gṛhastha) dharma: arranging a daughter’s marriage with a suitable match and maintaining family and social bonds through proper visits and care.

Does the verse prescribe criteria for marriage?

It emphasizes suitability and equality (sadṛśa) in choosing a groom, implying a socially and ethically appropriate match rather than a random or mismatched alliance.

Why are visits to relatives and friends mentioned as dharma?

Because sustaining relationships with sons, friends, spouse, and sisters is presented as a virtuous, socially stabilizing duty that supports harmony in family life.