Shloka 39

The Dialogue between Rukmāṅgada and Dharmāṅgada

Devanagari script

हव्यकव्यवहो देवः स एव पुरुषोत्तमः । सूर्ये यो हि कृशाकाशे विसर्गे जगतां पतिः ॥ ३९ ॥

Transliteration

havyakavyavaho devaḥ sa eva puruṣottamaḥ | sūrye yo hi kṛśākāśe visarge jagatāṃ patiḥ || 39 ||

Translation

那承载havya与kavya供献（奉诸天与祖灵）之神，正是至上人格——普鲁绍塔玛。彼住于太阳、微细虚空与宇宙流出之中，乃一切世界之主。

Word by Word

• हव्य-कव्य-वहः: carrier of oblations (havyas) and ancestral offerings (kavyas)
• हव्य-कव्य-वहः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव्य (प्रातिपदिक) + कव्य (प्रातिपदिक) + वह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-तत्पुरुष मिश्रभाव: हव्यं च कव्यं च वहति इति; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• देवः: the god
• देवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis/only)

• पुरुषोत्तमः: the Supreme Person
• पुरुषोत्तमः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारयभाव (पुरुषाणाम् उत्तमः); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सूर्ये: in the sun
• सूर्ये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• हि: indeed/for
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चय/हेतु-सूचक (indeed/for)

• कृश-आकाशे: in the subtle/tenuous sky
• कृश-आकाशे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृश (प्रातिपदिक) + आकाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय समास (कृशं आकाशम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• विसर्गे: in emission/creation (projection)
• विसर्गे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विसर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• जगताम्: of the worlds
• जगताम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (genitive), बहुवचन

• पतिः: lord
• पतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

Narada (teaching in the Uttara-Bhaga narrative style; doctrinal statement of Vishnu’s supremacy)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Puruṣottama
• Surya
• Deva
• Pitrs

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It identifies the Supreme Lord (Puruṣottama) as the inner reality behind Vedic worship—He is the one who receives and conveys all sacred offerings and pervades Sun, subtle space, and creation itself.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By declaring that the same Supreme Person is present in cosmic powers like the Sun and also in ritual acts, it directs devotion away from fragmented deity-concepts toward single-pointed bhakti to Puruṣottama as the all-pervading Lord.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Ritual application is implied: the distinction of havya (deva-yajña offerings) and kavya (pitṛ-kārya offerings) and the understanding that their efficacy rests on the Supreme Lord as the ultimate divine principle behind sacrificial transmission.