Shloka 58

The Greatness of Kāśī (Kāśī-māhātmya) and Avimukta’s Liberative Power

Devanagari script

न तेषां पुनरावृत्तिः कल्पकोटिशतैरपि । अविमुक्ते मृत्युकाले भूतानामीश्वरः स्वयम् ॥ ५८ ॥

Transliteration

na teṣāṃ punarāvṛttiḥ kalpakoṭiśatairapi | avimukte mṛtyukāle bhūtānāmīśvaraḥ svayam || 58 ||

Translation

对他们而言，再无回返（再生），纵经百亿劫亦然；因为在阿毗穆克塔，临终之时，主宰万有的自在天亲自赐予解脱。

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) / Negation
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय; negation

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Genitive plural

• पुनः-आवृत्तिः: return (rebirth)
• पुनः-आवृत्तिः: Karta (कर्ता) (of implied “is”)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय) + आवृत्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (पुनः आवृत्तिः); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular

• कल्प-कोटि-शतैः: even by hundreds of crores of aeons
• कल्प-कोटि-शतैः: Karana (करण) / Measure
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्प (प्रातिपदिक) + कोटि (प्रातिपदिक) + शत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (कल्पानां कोटयः, तासां शतानि इव; idiomatic “hundreds of crores of kalpas”); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; instrumental plural

• अपि: even
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सम्भावना/अपि-कार (even/also)

• अविमुक्ते: in Avimukta
• अविमुक्ते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अविमुक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; locative singular

• मृत्यु-काले: at the time of death
• मृत्यु-काले: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृत्यु (प्रातिपदिक) + काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (मृत्योः कालः); पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; locative singular “at the time of death”

• भूतानाम्: of beings
• भूतानाम्: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; genitive plural

• ईश्वरः: the Lord
• ईश्वरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular

• स्वयम्: personally, Himself
• स्वयम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आत्मार्थक (by oneself, personally)

Speaker

Narada (teaching within the Avimukta Mahatmya context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Ishvara
• Avimukta (Kashi)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It proclaims the unique moksha-bestowing power of Avimukta (Kāśī): dying there leads to freedom from punarjanma, because the Lord Himself becomes the direct cause of liberation.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

The verse centers liberation on divine grace—Īśvara svayam—implying that surrender and devotion to the Lord in a sanctified kṣetra culminate in His direct salvific intervention at the final moment.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

No specific Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa) is taught in this verse; the practical takeaway is tirtha-dharma—understanding kṣetra-māhātmya and the prescribed sanctity of Avimukta for end-of-life rites.