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Shloka 2

The Greatness of the Month of Māgha

Māgha-snāna, Harivāsara, and the Kāṣṭhīlā-Upākhyāna

त्वद्वाक्याद्विस्मयो जातः काष्ठीले सांप्रतं मम । कथं दृष्टा मया त्वं च यास्यंती कुत्सितां गतिम् ॥ २ ॥

tvadvākyādvismayo jātaḥ kāṣṭhīle sāṃprataṃ mama | kathaṃ dṛṣṭā mayā tvaṃ ca yāsyaṃtī kutsitāṃ gatim || 2 ||

听到你的话,噢迦湿提罗(Kāṣṭhīlā),我如今满怀惊异。你正走向被谴责、可耻的生存境地,我却为何还能见到你?

त्वत्your
त्वत्:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)
वाक्यात्from (your) statement
वाक्यात्:
अपादान (Apādāna/Ablative source)
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन (Singular)
विस्मयःastonishment
विस्मयः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootविस्मय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
जातःhas arisen
जातः:
क्रियापद (Verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु) + जात (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘भवति’ इत्यर्थे (as ‘has arisen’)
काष्ठीलेO Kāṣṭhīla
काष्ठीले:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootकाष्ठील (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)
सांप्रतम्now, at present
सांप्रतम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसांप्रतम् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
ममof me / my
मम:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
कथम्how
कथम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial—manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
दृष्टाseen / (I) saw
दृष्टा:
क्रियापद (Verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु) + दृष्ट (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘अहं दृष्टा’ (I was seen/ I saw—contextually ‘I saw’)
मयाby me
मया:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrumental agent)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
and
:
समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
यास्यन्तीgoing (to go)
यास्यन्ती:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) + यास्यन्ती (कृदन्त)
Formभविष्यत्कृदन्त (Future active participle/शतृ), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कुत्सिताम्despicable
कुत्सिताम्:
कर्मविशेषण (Qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootकुत्सित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)
गतिम्state/condition, course, destiny
गतिम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Unspecified narrator/dialogue speaker (a male interlocutor addressing Kāṣṭhīlā)

Vrata: none

Rasa: {"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"karuna","emotional_journey":"Astonishment at Kāṣṭhīlā’s words turns into troubled concern on realizing she is headed toward a condemned destiny."}

K
Kāṣṭhīlā

FAQs

The verse highlights the moral tension between direct perception and karmic destiny: even if one encounters a being in the present, that being may still be bound for a “kutsitā gati” due to prior actions, underscoring the inevitability of karma unless transformed by dharma and purification.

While bhakti is not named explicitly here, the verse sets up a typical Purāṇic teaching moment: shock at a fallen destiny prompts inquiry, which is commonly resolved through remedies such as devotion, vows, and sacred practices that redirect one from condemned outcomes toward auspicious states.

No specific Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa, Jyotiṣa, or Kalpa) is taught in this line; the practical takeaway is ethical—understanding “gati” as a karmic consequence and seeking corrective dharmic acts (often detailed elsewhere in the māhātmya context).