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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 49

The Greatness of the Gaṅgā (Gaṅgā-māhātmya): Saudāsa/Kalmāṣapāda’s Curse and Release

Devanagari script

ऋतुत्रये स पृथिवीं शतयो जनविस्तृताम् । कृत्वातिदुःखितां पश्चाद्वनान्तरमुपागमत् ॥ ५० ॥

Transliteration

ṛtutraye sa pṛthivīṃ śatayo janavistṛtām | kṛtvātiduḥkhitāṃ paścādvanāntaramupāgamat || 50 ||

Translation

在三个季节的时间里，他让绵延数百由旬、人口众多的大地陷入极度的痛苦之中；随后，他进入了森林深处。

Word by Word
ऋतु-त्रयेin three seasons
ऋतु-त्रये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootऋतु (प्रातिपदिक) + त्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Locative singular; द्विगु-समासः (three seasons)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Nominative singular (he)
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Accusative singular
शतयःhundreds (of)
शतयः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन — Nominative plural; संख्यावाचक-विशेषण (जनाः implied)
जन-विस्तृताम्spread with people; populous
जन-विस्तृताम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक) + विस्तृत (कृदन्त; √स्तृ/विस्तृ)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Accusative singular; समासः (तत्पुरुषः) ‘जनैः विस्तृता’ (spread/filled with people) विशेषण (पृथिवीम्)
कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-भावकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive) — having made
अति-दुःखिताम्extremely distressed
अति-दुःखिताम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअति (अव्यय) + दुःखित (कृदन्त; √दुःख)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Accusative singular; अव्ययीभाव-समासः ‘अत्यन्तं दुःखिता’ विशेषण (पृथिवीम्)
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण — adverb (afterwards)
वन-अन्तरम्into the interior of the forest
वन-अन्तरम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Accusative singular; तत्पुरुषः ‘वनस्य अन्तरम्’
उपागमत्went; approached
उपागमत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-गम् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — 3rd person singular (went/approached)
Speaker

Narada (narrating to the Sanatkumara brothers, traditional dialogue frame)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

FAQs

It highlights how adharma-driven conduct can rapidly spread collective suffering across society, and how turning away from harmful action toward seclusion/withdrawal signals the need for inner correction and dharmic realignment.

Though Bhakti is not named directly here, the verse sets the problem—worldly distress produced by wrongdoing—for which the Narada Purana repeatedly presents Vishnu-bhakti, sattvic living, and dharma as the restorative path.

The time marker “three seasons” reflects traditional calendrical reckoning used in Jyotiṣa (Vedāṅga) for situating events within ṛtu-based time cycles, a common Purāṇic way to convey duration and seasonal order.

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