Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 55

Tithi-Nirṇaya for Vratas: Ekādaśī Rules, Saṅkrānti Punya-kāla, Eclipse Observances, and Prāyaścitta

Devanagari script

संक्रातौ रविवारे च पातग्रहणयोस्तथा । पारणं चोपवासं च न कुर्यात्पुत्रवान्गृही ॥ ५५ ॥

Transliteration

saṃkrātau ravivāre ca pātagrahaṇayostathā | pāraṇaṃ copavāsaṃ ca na kuryātputravāngṛhī || 55 ||

Translation

在转节（Saṅkrānti）、在星期日，以及在日月食之时与不祥的“pāta”时段，凡有子嗣的居家者，不应行破斋（pāraṇa），亦不应行斋戒（upavāsa）。

Word by Word

• saṃkrātau: at the saṅkrānti (solar transit)
• saṃkrātau: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃkrānti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (f.), Saptamī vibhakti (Loc. 7th), Ekavacana (sg.)

• ravivāre: on Sunday
• ravivāre: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ravivāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Saptamī vibhakti (Loc. 7th), Ekavacana (sg.)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; samuccaya-nipāta

• pāta-grahaṇayoḥ: during (the times of) pāta and eclipse
• pāta-grahaṇayoḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāta (प्रातिपदिक) + grahaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dvandva-samāsa; Napuṃsakaliṅga (n.) (collective), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Gen. 6th), Dvivacana (du.)

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; samuccaya/anuvṛtti-artha (likewise/also)

• pāraṇam: breaking the fast (pāraṇa)
• pāraṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga (n.), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Acc. 2nd), Ekavacana (sg.)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; samuccaya-nipāta

• upavāsam: fasting
• upavāsam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: upavāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.)/Napuṃsakaliṅga (n.) usage; here Dvitīyā vibhakti (Acc. 2nd), Ekavacana (sg.)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; samuccaya-nipāta

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; niṣedha-nipāta

• kuryāt: should do
• kuryāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ lakāra (Optative), Parasmaipada; Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana (sg.)

• putravān: having a son
• putravān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (वत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Prathamā vibhakti (Nom. 1st), Ekavacana (sg.); possessive adjective ‘having a son’

• gṛhī: householder
• gṛhī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gṛhin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Prathamā vibhakti (Nom. 1st), Ekavacana (sg.)

Speaker

Narada (teaching vrata-vidhi within the Narada Purana dialogue tradition)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes dharma through disciplined observance: even meritorious practices like fasting and pāraṇa must follow proper kāla (timing). Right timing preserves the sanctity and intended spiritual fruit of vrata.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is expressed not only through emotion but through careful, rule-governed worship and vows. The verse teaches that devotional acts should be aligned with scriptural timing restraints, reflecting reverence and steadiness in practice.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Jyotiṣa (Vedāṅga astrology/astronomy) is implied through Saṅkrānti, grahaṇa (eclipse), and pāta—time-markers used to determine when certain ritual acts should be avoided.