Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 19

Tithi-Nirṇaya for Vratas: Ekādaśī Rules, Saṅkrānti Punya-kāla, Eclipse Observances, and Prāyaścitta

Devanagari script

सूर्येन्दुग्रहणे यावत्तावद् ग्राह्या जपादिषु । संक्रांतिषु तु सर्वासु पुण्यकालोनिगद्यते ॥ १९ ॥

Transliteration

sūryendugrahaṇe yāvattāvad grāhyā japādiṣu | saṃkrāṃtiṣu tu sarvāsu puṇyakālonigadyate || 19 ||

Translation

在日食与月食之时，应以食相全程用于持诵（japa）等修持。又于一切桑克兰提（saṅkrānti，太阳入新宫）之际，皆宣说有吉祥时分（puṇya-kāla）。

Word by Word

• सूर्येन्दुग्रहणे: during solar and lunar eclipses
• सूर्येन्दुग्रहणे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्येन्दुग्रहण (प्रातिपदिक; सूर्य+इन्दु+ग्रहण)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरण; द्वन्द्वसमास (सूर्यग्रहण+इन्दुग्रहण)

• यावत्: as long as
• यावत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यावत् (अव्यय/संबन्धशब्द)
• Form: अव्यय; परिमाण/अवधि (extent)

• तावत्: so long (that long)
• तावत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तावत् (अव्यय/संबन्धशब्द)
• Form: अव्यय; तावदवधि (correlative extent)

• ग्राह्या: is to be taken/observed
• ग्राह्या: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: कर्तव्यतार्थक कृदन्त (Gerundive/यत्), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विधेय (to be observed)

• जपादिषु: in japa and other rites
• जपादिषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जपादि (प्रातिपदिक; जप+आदि)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन; अधिकरण; ‘आदि’समाहार (etc.)

• संक्रांतिषु: at the saṅkrāntis (solar ingresses)
• संक्रांतिषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संक्रान्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन; अधिकरण

• तु: and/but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• सर्वासु: in all
• सर्वासु: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• पुण्यकालः: the auspicious time
• पुण्यकालः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुण्यकाल (प्रातिपदिक; पुण्य+काल)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्तृपद

• निगद्यते: is stated/declared
• निगद्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि+गद् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in the Moksha/Dharma instruction style of Book 1.1)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Surya
• Chandra

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It identifies eclipse-time and saṅkrānti as specially empowered windows (puṇya-kāla) when japa and allied dharmic acts yield heightened merit, so practitioners should use the full eclipse duration and observe auspicious timing at every solar ingress.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By recommending sustained japa during grahaṇa and observance at saṅkrānti, it supports bhakti-sādhana through disciplined remembrance (nāma-japa), using sacred time to intensify devotion and inner recollection.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Jyotiṣa (Vedāṅga astrology/astronomy) is central: the verse relies on eclipse duration and saṅkrānti calculations to define puṇya-kāla for rituals like japa, snāna, and dāna.