Shloka 25

Adhyaya 9 — Vasiṣṭha and Viśvāmitra’s Mutual Curse: The Āḍi–Baka Battle and Brahmā’s Pacification

Sanskrit

ततस्तौ पूर्वदेहस्थौ प्राह देवः प्रजापतिः ।

व्युदस्ते तामसे भावे वशिष्ठ०-कौशिकर्षभौ ॥

Transliteration

tatastau pūrvadehasthau prāha devaḥ prajāpatiḥ / vyudaste tāmase bhāve vaśiṣṭha0-kauśikarṣabhau

Translation

随后，当他们恢复到先前的身躯时，众生之主、神圣的造物主（生主 Prajāpati，即梵天 Brahmā）对那两位贤者中的“雄牛”——婆悉吒（Vasiṣṭha）与拘悉迦（Kauśika）——说道；他们曾被抛入昏暗（tamas）之境。

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• तौ: those two
• तौ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन (Nominative Dual)

• पूर्वदेहस्थौ: remaining in their former bodies
• पूर्वदेहस्थौ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pūrva + deha + stha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; तत्पुरुषः: पूर्वे देहे स्थः (situated in former bodies)

• प्राह: said
• प्राह: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + ah (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदी; धातुः: √अह्/√ब्रू (to say), उपसर्गः: प्र-; अर्थे ‘said/spoke’

• देवः: the god
• देवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रजापतिः: Prajāpati
• प्रजापतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prajāpati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; देवस्य विशेषण/अपपद (apposition)

• व्युदस्ते: (you) two cast out/removed
• व्युदस्ते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi + ud + as (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, द्विवचन; परस्मैपदी; धातुः: √अस् (to throw/drive out) in causative/compound usage ‘vy-ud-as’; उपसर्गाः: वि-, उद्-

• तामसे: in the tamasic
• तामसे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tāmasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative, 7th), एकवचन; ‘भावे’ इति विशेषण

• भावे: state, disposition
• भावे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वशिष्ठ: Vasiṣṭha
• वशिष्ठ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaśiṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• कौशिक: Kauśika (Viśvāmitra)
• कौशिक: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kauśika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• ऋषभौ: two bulls/excellents (best ones)
• ऋषभौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; वशिष्ठ-कौशिकयोः विशेषण (best among sages)

Speakers

• Brahmā (Prajāpati) addressing Vasiṣṭha and Kauśika

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Tamas vs sattva
• Rebuke and correction
• Tapas
• Sage conduct

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Spiritual stature (ṛṣabha) does not immunize one from tamas when anger and rivalry take over. Restoration to the ‘former body’ underscores that returning to one’s rightful station requires returning to rightful conduct.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Carita/Vaṃśānucarita-type narrative: an exemplary incident used to teach dharma and restraint, not a cosmological Sarga/Pratisarga passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘former body’ can be read as the reestablishment of one’s svabhāva (proper nature). Brahmā’s speech functions as the voice of cosmic intelligence reorienting distorted will.