Shloka 61

Adhyaya 85 — The Gods’ Hymn to the Goddess and the Emergence of Kaushiki; Shumbha Sends His Envoy

Sanskrit

अव्याहताज्ञः सर्वासु यः सदा देवयोनिṣu ।

निर्जिताखिलदैत्यारिः स यदाह शृणुष्व तत् ॥

Transliteration

avyāhatājñaḥ sarvāsu yaḥ sadā devayoniṣu / nirjitākhiladaityāriḥ sa yadāha śṛṇuṣva tat

Translation

其号令在诸天众族之中从未受阻，且已征服代提耶之一切仇敌者——请听他所言。

Word by Word

• अव्याहत-आज्ञः: whose command is unobstructed
• अव्याहत-आज्ञः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अव्याहत (प्रातिपदिक) + आज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (अव्याहता आज्ञा यस्य सः)

• सर्वासु: in all
• सर्वासु: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; योनिषु इति विशेषण

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (relative pronoun)

• सदा: always
• सदा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (always)

• देव-योनिषु: among divine births/realms
• देव-योनिषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक) + योनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (देवानां योनयः)

• निर्जित-अखिल-दैत्य-अरिः: who has conquered all enemies among the demons
• निर्जित-अखिल-दैत्य-अरिः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्जित (प्रातिपदिक; √जि क्त) + अखिल (प्रातिपदिक) + दैत्य (प्रातिपदिक) + अरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (निर्जिताः अखिलाः दैत्यारयः येन सः)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यत्: what
• यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (relative pronoun)

• आह: said
• आह: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह्/ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• शृणुष्व: listen
• शृणुष्व: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (demonstrative pronoun)

Speakers

• Dūta (Sugrīva) to Devī

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī
• Śumbha

Shakti Aspects

• Devī (listener; poised to respond in later verses)

Key Themes

• Intimidation rhetoric
• Asura conquest narrative
• Pre-battle psychological pressure

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse demonstrates how worldly power manufactures inevitability (‘unobstructed command’) to induce surrender. The Devi narrative counters this by showing that dharma is not determined by intimidation or past victories.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Narrative (ākhyāna) within Devi Mahatmyam; not pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Unobstructed command’ mirrors the mind’s habitual dominance over the senses—until Shakti awakens. The Goddess’s presence signifies the principle that can ‘obstruct’ and transform entrenched patterns.