Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 78, Shloka 19

Adhyaya 78 — Hymn to Surya and the Distribution of Solar Splendour; Genealogy of Vaivasvata and Chaya’s Line

Sanskrit

अन्येषामसुरारीणामस्त्राण्युग्राणि यानि वै ।

यक्षविद्याधराणाञ्च तानि चक्रे स विश्वकृत् ॥

Transliteration

anyeṣām asurārīṇām astrāṇy ugrāṇi yāni vai | yakṣa-vidyādharāṇāṃ ca tāni cakre sa viśvakṛt ||

Translation

又为阿修罗（Asuras）之敌——诸天神——造作其余凶猛兵器，并为夜叉（Yakṣas）与持明（Vidyādharas）造其兵器；这一切皆由宇宙的造作者所制。

Word by Word

• anyeṣām: of others
• anyeṣām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (of others)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive, 6th), Bahuvacana; pronominal adjective used substantively

• asura-arīṇām: of the enemies of the Asuras (gods)
• asura-arīṇām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asura + ari (प्रातिपदik + प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive, 6th), Bahuvacana; Tatpuruṣa: asurāṇām arayaḥ → 'enemies of the Asuras'

• astrāṇi: weapons
• astrāṇi: Karma (कर्म; object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: astra (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā (Nom/Acc), Bahuvacana

• ugrāṇi: fierce
• ugrāṇi: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ugra (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana; agrees with 'astrāṇi'

• yāni: which
• yāni: Karma (कर्म; relative object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदik; sarvanāma)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana; relative pronoun referring to 'astrāṇi'

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta (emphatic/assurance particle)

• yakṣa-vidyādhārāṇām: of the Yakṣas and Vidyādharas
• yakṣa-vidyādhārāṇām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (of Yakṣas and Vidyādharas)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yakṣa + vidyādhara (प्रातिपदik + प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive, 6th), Bahuvacana; Dvandva (itaretara): yakṣāḥ ca vidyādharāḥ ca

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)

• tāni: those
• tāni: Karma (कर्म; object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदik; sarvanāma)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative, 2nd), Bahuvacana; demonstrative pronoun

• cakre: made/forged
• cakre: Kriyā (क्रिया; main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect, लिट्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana (Singular); Parasmaipada

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदik; sarvanāma)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana

• viśvakṛt: the maker of all (Viśvakarman)
• viśvakṛt: Karta (कर्ता; apposition to 'saḥ')
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśva + kṛt (प्रातिपदik; agent noun)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: viśvasya kartā

Speakers

• Markandeya (narrator)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Viśvakarman (implied by viśvakṛt)
• Devas
• Yakṣas
• Vidyādharas

Shakti Aspects

• Tejas as a universal resource distributed across divine hierarchies

Key Themes

• Mythic world-building
• Divine armaments
• Cosmic order vs asuric disorder

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Protection of dharma is a collective enterprise across multiple classes of beings. The verse frames cosmic conflict as order (deva) organizing itself with rightful means.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Carita: supporting narrative detail about the divine coalition and its empowerment.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Universal maker’ indicates that forms (including weapons) arise from intelligent ordering of energy—symbolizing disciplined transformation of raw power into precise capability.