Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 75, Shloka 15

Adhyaya 75 — The Fall and Restoration of Revatī Nakṣatra and the Birth of Raivata Manu

Sanskrit

सदारेण क्रियाः कार्याः श्रौताः स्मार्ता वषट्क्रियाः ।

न मे न्यूनाः कृताः काश्चिद्यावदद्य महामुने ॥

Transliteration

sadāreṇa kriyāḥ kāryāḥ śrautāḥ smārtā vaṣaṭkriyāḥ /

na me nyūnāḥ kṛtāḥ kāścid yāvad adya mahāmune

Translation

我与妻子一同奉行一切应行之仪——天启祭（śrauta）与传承礼（smārta）——并包括以“vaṣaṭ”作声的献供；直到今日，噢大圣者，我未曾有一事行之不备。

Word by Word

• sa-dāreṇa: together with (my) wife
• sa-dāreṇa: Sahakāraka (सहकारक/ सह)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + dāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘स’ (with) + ‘दारेण’ → अव्ययीभावः (with wife)

• kriyāḥ: rites/actions
• kriyāḥ: Karma (कर्म/that which is to be done)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (fem.), प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• kāryāḥ: to be performed
• kāryāḥ: Vidhi (विधि/obligation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛ (धातु) + ya (कृत्य)
• Form: कृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/obligative) ‘कार्य’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicate adjective)

• śrautāḥ: Vedic (śrauta)
• śrautāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrauta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘श्रुति-सम्बद्धाः’

• smārtāḥ: smṛti-based (smārta)
• smārtāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: smārta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘स्मृति-सम्बद्धाः’

• vaṣaṭ-kriyāḥ: vaṣaṭ-offering rites
• vaṣaṭ-kriyāḥ: Viśeṣya (विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaṣaṭ (अव्यय/निपात) + kriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (vaṣaṭ-शब्देन युक्ताः क्रियाः)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• me: of me / for me
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; षष्ठी/चतुर्थी-एकवचन रूप (gen./dat. sg. enclitic)

• nyūnāḥ: deficient
• nyūnāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nyūna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘अल्पाः/हीनाः’

• kṛtāḥ: were performed
• kṛtāḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘done’ (agreeing with kriyāḥ)

• kāścit: any (some)
• kāścit: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अनिश्चित-सर्वनाम (indefinite pronoun) ‘काःचित्’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (some)

• yāvat: as long as / up to
• yāvat: Avadhi (अवधि)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yāvat (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधि-वाचक-अव्यय (limit/extent marker)

• adya: today / till now
• adya: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• mahā-mune: O great sage
• mahā-mune: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + muni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः

Speakers

• Ṛtavāk (continuing)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Agni (implied through homa/vaṣaṭ rites)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Gṛhastha duties
• Ritual (yajña/homa)
• Śrauta-Smārta practice

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse stresses householdership as a joint-sacramental vocation (with wife) and frames ritual precision as ethical responsibility—yet later suffering raises the question of karma beyond mere ritual correctness.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra (conduct) material; not among the five purāṇic markers.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Sadāreṇa’ points to the śakti of the household: dharma is ‘powered’ through partnership; sacrifice without inner alignment, however, may still be tested by prārabdha karma.