Shloka 2

Adhyaya 61 — The Second Manvantara Begins: The Brahmin’s Swift Journey and Varuthini’s Temptation on Himavat

Sanskrit

तेषाञ्चैव प्रमाणञ्च नक्षत्राणाञ्च संस्थितिः ।

भूरादयस्तथा लोकाः पातालान्यखिलान्यपि ॥

Transliteration

teṣāṃ caiva pramāṇaṃ ca nakṣatrāṇāṃ ca saṃsthitiḥ |

bhūrādayas tathā lokāḥ pātālāny akhilāny api ||

Translation

并且也说明了它们的尺度与诸星宿的位置；同样还叙述了自“布胡”(Bhūḥ)起的诸世界，以及一切地下诸界。

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of those
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; ‘of those’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction: and)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (particle: indeed/just)

• प्रमाणम्: measurement
• प्रमाणम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• नक्षत्राणाम्: of the constellations
• नक्षत्राणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नक्षत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; ‘of the stars/asterisms’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• संस्थितिः: position/arrangement
• संस्थितिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संस्थितिः (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• भूः: earth
• भूः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘earth’

• आदयः: and others (etc.)
• आदयः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; ‘and the rest, etc.’ (भूः इत्यादयः)

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अनुक्रमसूचक

• लोकाः: worlds
• लोकाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• पातालानि: netherworlds
• पातालानि: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाताल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन

• अखिलानि: all, entire
• अखिलानि: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अखिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन; पातालानि इति विशेषणम्

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-कार (also/even)

Speakers

• Krauṣṭuki to Mārkaṇḍeya (dialogue frame)

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Astronomy (nakṣatras)
• Lokas and Pātālas

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

A complete worldview includes both the seen and unseen strata (lokas/pātālas). Ethical life in Purāṇas is grounded in awareness of a multi-layered cosmos where actions reverberate beyond one plane.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Mainly 'Sthāna' (world-structure) as a preface to 'Manvantara'.

What is the esoteric significance?

The vertical cosmology (higher worlds and nether regions) can be read as an inner map of consciousness states—from luminous to instinctual—requiring integration before higher knowledge (manvantara wisdom) is unfolded.