Shloka 6
Adhyaya 56 — The Descent and Fourfold Course of the Ganga; Jambudvipa’s Varshas and Their Conditions
Sanskrit
तत् प्लावयित्वा च ययौ वरुणोदं सरोवनम् ।
शीतान्तञ्च गिरिं तस्मात् ततश्चान्यान् गिरिन् क्रमात् ॥
Transliteration
tat plāvayitvā ca yayau varuṇodaṃ sarovanam /
śītāntañca giriṃ tasmāttataścānyān girīn kramāt
Translation
在淹没那片地区/森林之后，她前往伐楼诺达（Varuṇoda）这座湖林；由此又到名为尸多安多（Śītānta）的山，继而依次前往其他诸山。
Word by Word
तत्that (it)
तत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
प्लावयित्वाhaving flooded
प्लावयित्वा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootप्लावय् (धातु; √प्लु/प्लावयति)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive), पूर्वक्रिया; causative sense ‘having caused to flood’
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; connective)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
ययौwent
ययौ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु √या)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
वरुण-उदम्Varuṇa’s water (sea/ocean)
वरुण-उदम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक) + उद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध: ‘वरुणस्य उदम्’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
सरोवनम्the lake
सरोवनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसरोवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
शीत-अन्तम्(the mountain) having cold end/region; ‘Śītānta’
शीत-अन्तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootशीत (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (कर्मधारय/निर्धारणार्थ: ‘शीतः अन्तः यस्य’); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; connective)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
गिरिम्mountain
गिरिम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगिरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
तस्मात्from that (place)
तस्मात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाववत् क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial use), ‘thereafter/then’
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; connective)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
अन्यान्other
अन्यान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; विशेषण
गिरीन्mountains
गिरीन्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगिरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन
क्रमात्in sequence
क्रमात्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण अव्ययीभूत (adverbial instrumental): ‘in order/step by step’
Speakers
Mārkaṇḍeya (continuing narration)
Primary Deities
GaṅgāVaruṇa (implied by toponym Varuṇoda)
Shakti AspectsGaṅgā as life-giving inundation (plāvana) in cosmic geography
Key ThemesSacred GeographyHydrologyToponymic mythology
FAQs
The river’s ‘plāvana’ (inundation) is not mere destruction but nourishment and renewal—an image for how divine power can overwhelm yet sustain life.
Sthāna: cataloging sacred places (lakes, forests, mountains) and their connectivity.
The successive mountains can be read as ascending inner ‘stations’ (kramāt) through which the purifying current passes, refining experience step by step.