Shloka 13

Adhyaya 52 — The Manifestation of Nilalohita (Rudra) and the Allocation of His Names, Abodes, Consorts, and Lineages

Sanskrit

हिमवद्दुहिता साभून्मेनायां द्विजसत्तम ।

तस्या भ्राता तु मैनाकः सखाम्भोधेरनुत्तमः ॥

Transliteration

himavadduhitā sābhūn menāyāṃ dvijasattama | tasyā bhrātā tu mainākaḥ sakhāmbhodher anuttamaḥ ||

Translation

噢，最殊胜的二生者，她成为喜马瓦特（Himavat）之女，由梅娜（Menā）所生。其兄为迈那迦（Maināka），乃大海无与伦比的挚友。

Word by Word

• himavat: of Himavat (Himālaya)
• himavat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: himavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (षष्ठी) singular (in compound with duhitā)

• duhitā: daughter
• duhitā: Karta (कर्ता) / predicate nominative
• Type: Noun
• Root: duhitṛ (दुहितृ) (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative singular

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्) (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Feminine, Nominative singular

• abhūt: became; was born
• abhūt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू) (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्) imperfect/past, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

• menāyām: in Menā (as mother/womb)
• menāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: menā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (सप्तमी) singular

• dvija-sattama: O best of the twice-born
• dvija-sattama: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक) + sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (सम्बोधन/प्रथमा) singular; tatpuruṣa: 'best among dvijas'

• tasyāḥ: of her
• tasyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्) (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Feminine, Genitive singular

• bhrātā: brother
• bhrātā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (भ्रातृ) (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative singular

• tu: but; indeed
• tu: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; particle (निपात) indicating contrast/emphasis

• mainākaḥ: Maināka
• mainākaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to bhrātā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maināka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative singular

• sakhā: friend
• sakhā: Karta (कर्ता) (predicate/apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sakhi (सखि) (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative singular

• ambhodheḥ: of the ocean
• ambhodheḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ambhodhi (अम्भोधि) (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive singular

• anuttamaḥ: unsurpassed; excellent
• anuttamaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anuttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative singular; agrees with sakhā/mainākaḥ

Speakers

• Narratorial genealogical discourse (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Primary Deities

• Himavat
• Menā
• Pārvatī/Umā (implied)
• Maināka

Shakti Aspects

• Pārvatī/Umā implied as Satī reborn (not named explicitly in this verse)

Key Themes

• Rebirth and continuity of Śakti
• Sacred geography (mountain/ocean personifications)
• Genealogy

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The Purāṇic worldview ties cosmic order to family-line continuity: even after rupture (Satī’s departure), dharma is restored through re-manifestation in a fitting lineage (Himavat–Menā).

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Vaṁśa/Vaṁśānucarita: identification of divine-mythic kinship relations (Himavat, Menā, Maināka).

What is the esoteric significance?

Mountains and ocean are cosmic symbols: stability (parvata) and depth (sāgara). Śakti’s birth from Himavat suggests her grounding in tapas (austere steadiness) before reuniting with Śiva.