Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 51, Shloka 73

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

स्वप्नेऽपि हि कपोतस्य दर्शनं न प्रशस्यते ।

षडपत्यानि कथ्यन्ते गण्डप्रान्तरतिस्तथा ॥

Transliteration

svapne 'pi hi kapotasya darśanaṃ na praśasyate | ṣaḍapatyāni kathyante gaṇḍaprāntaratīs tathā ||

Translation

即便在梦中，见到鸽子也不被视为吉祥。又提及诸如“六个子嗣”之类的征兆，并同样把在面颊/太阳穴边缘的纵欲（gaṇḍa-prānta-rati）列为不祥之相。

Word by Word

• स्वप्ने: in a dream
• स्वप्ने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वप्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन)

• अपि: even
• अपि: N/A (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/अप्यर्थ (particle: even/also)

• हि: indeed / for
• हि: N/A (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphatic/causal particle)

• कपोतस्य: of a pigeon
• कपोतस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपोत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी) Singular (एकवचन)

• दर्शनम्: seeing / sight
• दर्शनम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दर्शन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)

• न: not
• न: N/A (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)

• प्रशस्यते: is approved / is praised
• प्रशस्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-शंस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोगसदृश अर्थः ‘is praised/approved’

• षट्: six
• षट्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षट् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Numeral adjective; (indeclinable-like in form here) used as qualifier of neuter plural ‘apatyāni’

• अपत्यानि: offspring / children
• अपत्यानि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)

• कथ्यन्ते: are said
• कथ्यन्ते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथ् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (plural), आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि (passive) ‘are said/are mentioned’

• गण्डप्रान्तरतेः: of ‘gaṇḍa-prānta-rati’ (one attached to the cheek-edge)
• गण्डप्रान्तरतेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गण्ड-प्रान्तर-रति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound: गण्डे प्रान्तः (edge of the cheek) + रति (delight/attachment); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी) Singular (एकवचन)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: N/A (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (adverb: likewise/so)

Speakers

• Not explicit in excerpt; continuing instructional discourse on omens

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Dream omens
• Śakuna (omens)
• Householder caution

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The text treats certain dream-images and behavioral tendencies as diagnostic signs: dharma literature often reads the psyche and surroundings as mirrors of impending fortune or misfortune, encouraging vigilance and self-restraint.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

It is dharma/ācāra and śakuna instruction, outside the main pañcalakṣaṇa framework.

What is the esoteric significance?

Dream-symbols can be interpreted as subconscious signals: ‘inauspicious sight’ points to inner disharmony; the counsel is to correct conduct and perform remedies rather than fatalism.