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Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 51, Shloka 61

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

सोमाम्बुपौ तथाम्भोधिः सविता चानिलानलौ ।

तथोक्तेः कालजिह्वोऽभूत् पुत्रस्तालनिकेतनः ॥

Transliteration

somāmbupau tathāmbhodhiḥ savitā cānilānalau |

tathokteḥ kālajihvo 'bhūt putras tāla-niketanaḥ ||

Translation

苏摩（Soma）与安布帕（Ambupā），以及大海；萨维特利（Savitṛ），并且风与火——如是而说。由彼先前之宣言，迦罗舌（Kāla-jihva）得以出生；其子名为塔罗尼迦多那（Tāla-niketana）。

Word by Word
सोमाम्बुपौSoma and Ambupa
सोमाम्बुपौ:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसोम + अम्बुप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (Soma and Ambup(a))
तथाlikewise
तथा:
सम्बन्ध (Adverbial connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: likewise)
अम्भोधिःAmbhodhi (ocean)
अम्भोधिः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअम्भोधि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
सविताSavitṛ (the Sun)
सविता:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; ऋ-प्रातिपदिक (सवितृ)
चand
च:
सम्बन्ध (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
अनिलानलौAnila and Anala (wind and fire)
अनिलानलौ:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअनिल + अनल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (wind and fire)
तथाthus
तथा:
सम्बन्ध (Adverbial connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: thus)
उक्तेःof the statement/utterance
उक्तेः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootउक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; ‘उक्तेः’ (of the utterance/statement)
कालजिह्वःKālajihva
कालजिह्वः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल + जिह्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘काला जिह्वा यस्य’/‘कालजिह्वः’ (proper name)
अभूत्became/was
अभूत्:
क्रिया (Verb/Action)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
पुत्रःa son
पुत्रः:
प्रथमा-सम्बन्ध (Predicate/Complement)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विधेय (predicate nominative)
तालनिकेतनःTālaniketana (dweller of Tāla)
तालनिकेतनः:
विशेषण/उपाधि (Appositional epithet)
TypeNoun
Rootताल + निकेतन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; ‘तालस्य निकेतनः’ (one whose abode is in/at Tāla)
Speakers
Narratorial voice (list-style naming); exact dialogue speaker not inferable from excerpt alone
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities
SomaSavitṛVāyu (Anila)Agni (Anala)
Key Themes
Cosmological catalogingMythic genealogyDeity/element personifications

FAQs

Purāṇic method often links ritual order and cosmic order: after prescribing śānti, the text can pivot to enumerations of beings/deities, reminding that human welfare is embedded in a larger network of elemental and divine agencies.

This verse leans toward Vaṃśa/Vaṃśānucarita-style cataloging (genealogical listing), though without surrounding verses the exact genealogical frame cannot be fixed.

Naming Soma, ocean, sun-impeller, wind, and fire maps a ‘cosmic body’ of liquidity, luminosity, motion, and transformation. The emergence of named beings from ‘utterance’ hints at a mantra/śabda-based cosmogony where speech structures reality.

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