Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 48, Shloka 25

Adhyaya 48 — The Emanation of Beings from Brahma: Night, Day, Twilight, and the Orders of Creation

Sanskrit

ततः स्वदेहतोऽन्यानि वयांसि पशवोऽसृजत् ।

मुखतोऽजाः ससर्जाथ वक्षसश्चावयोऽसृजत् ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ svadehato 'nyāni vayāṃsi paśavo 'sṛjat | mukhato 'jāḥ sasarjātha vakṣasaś cāvayo 'sṛjat ||

Translation

随后，他又从自身之躯创造了其他鸟类与走兽。由其口中造出山羊，由其胸前造出绵羊。

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• sva-dehataḥ: from (his) own body
• sva-dehataḥ: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक) + deha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘svasya dehaḥ’; Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन) (dehataḥ = dehāt/ dehataḥ)

• anyāni: other
• anyāni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifies vayāṃsi

• vayāṃsi: birds
• vayāṃsi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vayas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• paśavaḥ: animals
• paśavaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paśu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• asṛjat: created
• asṛjat: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sṛj (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्, Aorist/Past), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• mukhataḥ: from the mouth
• mukhataḥ: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन) (mukhataḥ = mukhāt/ mukhataḥ)

• ajāḥ: goats
• ajāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• sasarja: created
• sasarja: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sṛj (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, Perfect), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• atha: then/and then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), particle/conjunction (निपात)

• vakṣasaḥ: from the chest
• vakṣasaḥ: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vakṣas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन) (vakṣasaḥ = vakṣasāt/ vakṣasaḥ)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)

• avayaḥ: sheep
• avayaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: avi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• asṛjat: created
• asṛjat: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sṛj (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्, Aorist/Past), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Narratorial cosmology within Markandeya Purana’s discourse frame (exact speaker depends on edition’s framing dialogue)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā (implied as creator)

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Sarga
• Embodied creation
• Origins of livestock

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The world is portrayed as kin to the creator—beings arise from the same source. This supports an ethic of restraint and responsibility toward animals, especially those integrated into yajña and livelihood.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: a classic Purāṇic motif of body-part creation mapping functions and symbolic correspondences.

What is the esoteric significance?

Mouth-origin suggests relation to food/speech/offerings; chest-origin suggests breath/strength/sustenance—symbolic placement of animal roles within ritual and economy.