Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 43, Shloka 61

Adhyaya 43 — Portents of Death (Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇas) and the Yogin’s Response; Alarka Renounces Kingship

Sanskrit

दिष्ट्या काशिपतेर्भूरि-बलसम्पत्पराक्रमः ।

यदुच्छेदादिहासयातः स युष्मत्सङ्गदो मम ॥

Transliteration

diṣṭyā kāśipater bhūri-bala-sampat-parākramaḥ /

yad-ucchedād ihāyātaḥ sa yuṣmat-saṅga-do mama

Translation

凭借善缘，迦尸（Kāśi）之王具足大力、资财与勇武；由于他摧毁了我的权势与地位，我才来到此处——而这又使我得以亲近并结缘于你。

Word by Word

• दिष्ट्या: fortunately
• दिष्ट्या: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दिष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; तृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण निपातार्थे (interjection) ‘fortunately’

• काशिपतेः: of Kāśipati
• काशिपतेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काशिपति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• भूरि-बल-सम्पत्-पराक्रमः: (he) of abundant strength, fortune, and valor
• भूरि-बल-सम्पत्-पराक्रमः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भूरि (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक) + सम्पत् (प्रातिपदिक) + पराक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि—‘भूरि बलं सम्पच्च पराक्रमश्च यस्य सः’ (he whose strength, prosperity, and valor are abundant)

• यत्: which/that
• यत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative)

• उच्छेदात्: from destruction/eradication
• उच्छेदात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उच्छेद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देशवाचक (here)

• आयातः: has come
• आयातः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ+या (धातु) → आयात (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘come/arrived’

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• युष्मत्-सङ्गदः: your association/companionship
• युष्मत्-सङ्गदः: Apposition (समाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + सङ्गद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष—‘युष्माकं सङ्गदः’ (connection/association with you)

• मम: of me/my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

Speakers

• Alarka to Atri’s son

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Satsanga (holy company)
• Adversity as guidance
• Karma and consequence

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even opponents can become instruments of one’s welfare if their actions redirect one toward truth and right counsel. The highest ‘gain’ is satsanga, not political victory.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

An instructive royal-life episode (vaṃśānucarita flavor) used to teach dharma and renunciation; not a genealogical enumeration itself.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘enemy’ symbolizes the force that dismantles egoic sovereignty. When the false center is ‘cut off’ (uccheda), the seeker is driven to the true center—guru and wisdom.