Shloka 46

Adhyaya 39 — Yoga Discipline: Posture, Breath Control, Sense Withdrawal, and Signs of Attainment

Sanskrit

दशैताः धारणाः प्राप्य प्राप्रोत्यक्शरसाम्यताम् ।

नाध्मातः क्षुधितः श्रान्तो न च व्याकुलचेतनः ॥

Transliteration

daśaitā dhāraṇāḥ prāpya prāproty akṣara-sāmyatām / nādhmātaḥ kṣudhitaḥ śrānto na ca vyākula-cetanaḥ //

Translation

成就此十种持念（dhāraṇā）者，便得与不坏之“阿克沙罗”（akṣara）同等。身不胀满，不饥不乏，不疲不惫，心亦不动摇。

Word by Word

• daśa: ten
• daśa: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daśan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्याविशेषण (numeral), here qualifying ‘dhāraṇāḥ’

• etāḥ: these
• etāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम-विशेषण

• dhāraṇāḥ: concentrations (dhāraṇās)
• dhāraṇāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhāraṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन

• prāpya: having attained
• prāpya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√āp (धातु) + lyap (कृत्)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यपन्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive)

• prāpnoti: attains
• prāpnoti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√āp (धातु)
• Form: लकारः लट् (Present), पुरुषः प्रथम (3rd), वचनम् एक (Singular), परस्मैपदम्

• akṣara-sāmyatām: equanimity/identity with the imperishable (akṣara)
• akṣara-sāmyatām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: akṣara + sāmyatā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (अक्षरस्य साम्यता)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध

• adhmātaḥ: bloated/swollen
• adhmātaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ā-√dhmā (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: कृत्-प्रत्ययान्त (क्त), भूतकर्मणि; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• kṣudhitaḥ: hungry
• kṣudhitaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √kṣudh (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: कृत्-प्रत्ययान्त (क्त), भूतकर्मणि; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• śrāntaḥ: weary
• śrāntaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √śram (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: कृत्-प्रत्ययान्त (क्त), भूतकर्मणि; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• vyākula-cetanaḥ: one whose mind is agitated
• vyākula-cetanaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vyākula + cetana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (व्याकुलः चेतनः/चेतना यस्य)

Speakers

• Didactic narrator voice within the Purāṇic yoga instruction

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Dhāraṇā fruits
• Equanimity
• Akṣara orientation
• Mind-body steadiness

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Stability of attention yields stability of being: the yogin gains equanimity akin to the ‘imperishable’ and becomes less driven by bodily oscillations (hunger, fatigue) and mental turbulence.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

A mokṣa-pravṛtti (liberation-oriented) teaching segment, ancillary to pancalakṣaṇa narratives; it articulates the fruit (phala) of yogic discipline.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Equality with the akṣara’ suggests identification with the unchanging witness rather than changing sensations. The listed freedoms indicate prāṇa and mind have been harmonized, reducing reactive dependence on bodily states.