Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 34, Shloka 107

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

एवमेभिः सदा तीर्थैर्देवानां पितृभिः सह । सदा कार्याणि कुर्वोत नान्यतीर्थेन कर्हिचित् ॥

Transliteration

evamebhiḥ sadā tīrthairdevānāṃ pitṛbhiḥ saha | sadā kāryāṇi kurvota nānyatīrthena karhicit ||

Translation

是故，应恒常以这些所指定之tīrtha，为诸天并与诸Pitṛ同受之仪而行诸礼；任何时候都不可用他余tīrtha。

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (thus/in this manner)

• एभिः: with these
• एभिः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन; ‘with these’

• सदा: always
• सदा: Kālādvaya/Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (काल/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (always)

• तीर्थैः: with the tīrthas
• तीर्थैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन

• पितृभिः: with the ancestors
• पितृभिः: Sahakāraka (सह/साकं)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक (with), तृतीयायोग्य

• सदा: always
• सदा: Kālādvaya/Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (काल/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (always)

• कार्याणि: things to be done/rites
• कार्याणि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), बहुवचन

• कुर्वीत: should perform
• कुर्वीत: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; पाठभेद: ‘कुर्वोत’ इति दृश्यते (अशुद्ध/प्राकृत-रूप), अपेक्षितं ‘कुर्वीत्’

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation)

• अन्य-तीर्थेन: with any other tīrtha
• अन्य-तीर्थेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक) + तीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; अन्यं तीर्थं येन (by another tīrtha)

• कर्हिचित्: ever/at any time
• कर्हिचित्: Kālādvaya/Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (काल/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कर्हिचित् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (ever/at any time)

Speakers

• Not specified in the provided excerpt (instructional narrative voice)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devas (collective)
• Pitṛs (ancestors)

Key Themes

• Ritual orthopraxy
• Dharma
• Continuity of tradition
• Pitṛ and Deva rites

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse insists on consistency and fidelity: sacred action is safeguarded by precise forms, preventing casual improvisation where the rite’s intent and recipient-differentiation could be confused.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/Dharma instruction; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Exclusive tīrtha usage preserves distinct ‘currents’ of offering—deva and pitṛ channels remain unmixed. Symbolically, it maintains clarity between ascent (deva-oriented) and ancestral continuity (pitṛ-oriented) in the practitioner’s subtle economy.