Shloka 37

Adhyaya 32 — Rules for Parvana Śrāddha: Foods that Please the Ancestors and Items to Avoid

Sanskrit

वसून् रुद्रांस्तथादित्यान् नक्षत्रग्रह तारकाः । प्रीणयन्ति मनुष्याणां पितरः श्राद्धतर्पिताः ॥

Transliteration

vasūn rudrāṃs tathādityān nakṣatra-graha-tārakāḥ / prīṇayanti manuṣyāṇāṃ pitaraḥ śrāddha-tarpitāḥ

Translation

当人类之祖灵因施罗陀（śrāddha）与奠水供献（libations）而得满足时，他们复又令诸婆苏（Vasus）、鲁陀罗（Rudras）、阿底提耶（Ādityas），以及诸宿、诸行星与群星欢喜。

Word by Word

• वसून्: the Vasus
• वसून्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• रुद्रान्: the Rudras
• रुद्रान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha/Connector (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: रीत्यर्थक/समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (adverb: likewise/also)

• आदित्यान्: the Ādityas
• आदित्यान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• नक्षत्रग्रहतारकाः: the constellations, planets, and stars
• नक्षत्रग्रहतारकाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नक्षत्र + ग्रह + तारका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (नक्षत्राणि च ग्रहाः च तारकाः च)

• प्रीणयन्ति: they please/satisfy
• प्रीणयन्ति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रीण् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• मनुष्याणाम्: of men
• मनुष्याणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध (genitive)

• पितरः: the ancestors
• पितरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• श्राद्धतर्पिताः: satiated by śrāddha
• श्राद्धतर्पिताः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्राद्ध + तर्पित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त from तृप्/तर्प्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण (to पितरः); तत्पुरुष (श्राद्धेन तर्पिताः)

Speakers

• Madālasā (continuing the śrāddha-phala exposition)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Pitṛs
• Vasus
• Rudras
• Ādityas

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Pitṛ Pūjā
• Cosmic order (ṛta)
• Deva-Pitṛ reciprocity
• Astro-cosmic linkage

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Personal rites are portrayed as socially and cosmically significant: honoring ancestors supports the wider divine order, implying that private dharma participates in public/cosmic harmony.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Not pancalakṣaṇa; it is a dharma-ritual passage with cosmological coloring.

What is the esoteric significance?

The verse maps a subtle network: Pitṛs as intermediaries between human conduct and cosmic forces (devas, grahas). Symbolically, gratitude stabilizes one’s ‘inner cosmos,’ reflected as harmony in the outer cosmos.