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Shloka 41

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय ९३: कृष्णस्य धृतराष्ट्रोपदेशः

Kṛṣṇa’s Counsel to Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Assembly

तत्र तिष्ठन्‌ स दाशाहों राजमध्ये परंतप: । अपश्यदन्तरिक्षस्थानृषीन्‌ परपुरंजय: । ततस्तानभिससम्प्रेक्ष्य नारदप्रमुखानृषीन्‌,राजाओंके बीचमें खड़े हुए शत्रुनगरविजयी परंतप श्रीकृष्णने देखा कि आकाशमें कुछ ऋषि-मुनि खड़े हैं। उन नारद आदि महर्षियोंको देखकर श्रीकृष्णने धीरेसे शान्तनुनन्दन भीष्मसे कहा-- “नरेश्वर! इस राजसभाको देखनेके लिये ऋषिगण पधारे हैं

tatra tiṣṭhan sa dāśārho rājamadhye parantapaḥ | apaśyad antarīkṣasthān ṛṣīn parapuraṃjayaḥ | tatas tān abhisamprekṣya nāradapramukhān ṛṣīn,

圣克里希纳(Śrī Kṛṣṇa)立于诸王之间,身为摧敌者、破城者,忽见数位仙圣(ṛṣi)驻立空中。继而他细察那以那罗陀(Nārada)为首的诸先知,便对善多奴之子毗湿摩(Bhīṣma)说道:诸仙已来观此王议——这无声地提醒众王:君主的谋议,终要受更高的道德与灵性之审视。

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
तिष्ठन्standing
तिष्ठन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formpresent active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दाशार्हःthe Dāśārha (Kṛṣṇa)
दाशार्हः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदाशार्ह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजमध्येin the midst of kings
राजमध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराज + मध्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परंतपःscorcher of foes
परंतपः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपश्यत्saw
अपश्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (पश्य)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अन्तरिक्षस्थान्situated in the sky
अन्तरिक्षस्थान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्तरिक्ष + स्थ
Formpast passive (kta) used adjectivally / or adjectival formation, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
ऋषीन्sages
ऋषीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
परपुरंजयःconqueror of enemy cities
परपुरंजयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरपुरंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तान्those (sages)
तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभिसम्प्रेक्ष्यhaving looked at attentively
अभिसम्प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + ईक्ष् (ईक्ष्) with अभि-सम्-
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
नारदप्रमुखान्with Nārada as foremost
नारदप्रमुखान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनारद + प्रमुख
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ऋषीन्sages
ऋषीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
N
Nārada
Ṛṣis (sages)
K
Kings/royal assembly (rājasabhā)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores that political deliberation is not merely a matter of power but is subject to dharma: the presence of ṛṣis in the sky symbolizes higher moral-spiritual witness, urging rulers to act with restraint, truthfulness, and responsibility.

In the royal assembly, Kṛṣṇa notices sages—led by Nārada—standing in the sky observing the proceedings. He then prepares to inform Bhīṣma, signaling that the council’s decisions are being watched by revered seers.