Shloka 13
Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Brahmacarya and the Formless Brahman
Udyoga Parva 44
Devanagari script
ईर्ष्या मोदो&तिवादश्न संज्ञानाशो5 भ्यसूयिता । तस्मात् प्राज्ञो न माद्येत सदा होतदू् विगर्हितम्
Transliteration
īrṣyā modo ’tivādaś ca saṃjñānāśo ’bhyasūyitā | tasmāt prājño na mādyeta sadā hy etad vigarhitam ||
Translation
萨那苏阇多说道：“嫉妒、醉态的狂喜、过度的争辩、清明觉知的丧失，以及挑剔的妒心——这些都由醉酒而生。因此，智者切不可沉醉，因为在合乎法度的生活中，此事恒被谴责。”
Word by Word
ईर्ष्याenvy
ईर्ष्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootईर्ष्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मदःintoxication/pride
मदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अतिवादःexcessive talk/boasting
अतिवादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअतिवाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्नम्eating/food (gluttony)
अश्नम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्न (अशन)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
संज्ञानाशःloss of awareness
संज्ञानाशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंज्ञानाश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभ्यसूयिताcensoriousness/malice
अभ्यसूयिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभ्यसूयिता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
प्राज्ञःthe wise man
प्राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
माद्येतshould not become intoxicated/should not be proud
माद्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootमद्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
विगर्हितम्blameworthy/censured
विगर्हितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविगर्हित
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
Speaker
सनत्युजात उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SanatsujātaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Avoid intoxication: it is ethically condemned because it breeds envy, reckless elation, quarrelsome speech, loss of discernment, and spiteful fault-finding.
In Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs (as a moral and spiritual counselor) on proper conduct; here he warns that drunkenness corrupts character and undermines wise behavior.