Shloka 46
Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum
Udyoga-parva 35
पुनर्नरो प्रियते जायते च पुनर्नरो हीयते वर्धते च । पुनर्नरो याचति याच्यते च पुनर्नर: शोचति शोच्यते च
punar naro prīyate jāyate ca punar naro hīyate vardhate ca | punar naro yācati yācyate ca punar naraḥ śocati śocyate ca ||
毗度罗省思人世之轮转：人一次又一次地死去，又一次又一次地出生；一次又一次地衰败，又一次又一次地增长。一次又一次地向人乞求，又一次又一次地被人乞求；一次又一次地为他人哀伤，又一次又一次地被他人哀伤。此偈催人得一冷静的伦理洞见——既然世间境况无尽更迭，便不当执著于暂时的得失，而应求内心的安定、克制与达摩。
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Human life moves in recurring cycles—birth and death, gain and loss, asking and being asked, grieving and being grieved for. Recognizing this impermanence supports vairagya (detachment), patience, and commitment to dharma rather than obsession with temporary outcomes.
In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers counsel grounded in moral realism. Here he generalizes from worldly experience to remind his listener that fortunes reverse repeatedly; therefore one should act wisely and ethically, not driven by pride, fear, or attachment.