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Shloka 22

भीष्म–जामदग्न्यसंवादः (Amba-prasaṅga and Kurukṣetra Dvandva Declaration) / Bhishma–Jamadagnya Dialogue

नमस्कृत्य च देवेभ्यो ब्राह्म॒णेभ्यो विशेषत: । तमहं स्मयन्निव रणे प्रत्यभाषं व्यवस्थितम्‌

namaskṛtya ca devebhyo brāhmaṇebhyo viśeṣataḥ | tam ahaṁ smayann iva raṇe pratyabhāṣaṁ vyavasthitam ||

随后,我先向诸神致以恭敬礼拜——尤其向婆罗门致敬——然后才对那位在战场上严阵以待的帕罗修罗摩开口,言辞间仿佛带着一丝淡淡的微笑。此刻正显出武士的克制:纵在交锋将起之际,仍以对神圣与对学者权威的敬礼为言行之前的道德前提。

नमस्कृत्यhaving saluted
नमस्कृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनमस् + कृ (कृञ्)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि, —, —, —
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
देवेभ्यःto the gods
देवेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
ब्राह्मणेभ्यःto the Brahmins
ब्राह्मणेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
विशेषतःespecially
विशेषतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेषतः
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
स्मयन्smiling
स्मयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मि (स्मयते)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रत्यभाषम्I addressed / spoke to
प्रत्यभाषम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + भाष्
FormAorist (लुङ्), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
व्यवस्थितम्standing firm / stationed
व्यवस्थितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + अव + स्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

राम उवाच

R
Rama (speaker)
D
Devas (gods)
B
Brāhmaṇas
B
Battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

Even in a context of conflict, one should begin with reverence toward the divine and special respect toward brāhmaṇas (custodians of sacred learning). Ethical action and speech are grounded in humility and acknowledgment of higher moral authority.

Rāma, before speaking to an opponent who stands ready on the battlefield, first offers salutations to the gods and particularly to the brāhmaṇas, and then addresses the poised figure, seemingly with a restrained smile—signaling composure and adherence to dharma amid martial tension.