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Shloka 104

Ulūka’s Provocation and Keśava’s Counter-Message (उलूकदूत्ये केशवप्रत्युत्तरम्)

नानाजनीघं युधि सम्प्रवृद्धं गाड़ं यथा वेगमपारणीयम्‌ | मां च स्थितं नागबलस्य मध्ये युयुत्ससे मन्द किमल्पबुद्धे,'ओ अल्पबुद्धि मूढ़ अर्जुन! जिसका वेग युद्धकालमें गंगाके वेगके समान बढ़ जाता है और जिसे पार करना असम्भव है, नाना प्रकारके जनसमुदायसे भरी हुई मेरी उस विशाल वाहिनीके साथ तथा गजसेनाके बीचमें खड़े हुए मुझ दुर्योधनके साथ भी तुम युद्धकी इच्छा कैसे रखते हो?

nānājanīghaṁ yudhi sampravṛddhaṁ gāḍhaṁ yathā vegam apāraṇīyam | māṁ ca sthitaṁ nāgabalasya madhye yuyutsase manda kim alpabuddhe ||

三阇耶说道:“战场上,我军如稠密洪流般膨涌,众人杂沓,恰似恒河奔腾的激流——其势不可渡。而我,杜尤陀那,立于象军之威力中央。愚钝之人啊,你怎还妄想交战?”

नानाvarious, many kinds of
नाना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना
जनीघम्multitude of people, crowd
जनीघम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजनीघ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध् (प्रातिपदिक: युध्/युद्ध)
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
सम्प्रवृद्धम्fully grown, greatly increased
सम्प्रवृद्धम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-प्र-वृध् (धातु) → प्रवृद्ध (कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गाढम्dense, deep, formidable
गाढम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगाढ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यथाas, like
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वेगम्speed, force, rush
वेगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपारणीयम्not to be crossed, impassable
अपारणीयम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअ- + पारणीय (कृदन्त; √पॄ/पॄ- ‘to cross, to carry across’)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्थितम्standing, stationed
स्थितम्:
TypeAdjective
Root√स्था (धातु) → स्थित (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नागबलस्यof the elephant-force
नागबलस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootनागबल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
मध्येin the middle
मध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
युयुत्ससेyou wish to fight
युयुत्ससे:
TypeVerb
Root√युध् (desiderative: युयुत्स्)
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
मन्दO dull one
मन्द:
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
किम्why?, how?
किम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम्
अल्पबुद्धेO small-minded one, of little intellect
अल्पबुद्धे:
TypeNoun
Rootअल्पबुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
A
Arjuna
G
Gaṅgā
N
nāgabalā (elephant corps)
K
Kaurava army (implied as 'my host')

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how pride and intimidation operate in wartime rhetoric: Duryodhana measures right and victory by sheer numbers and force, using insults to unsettle the opponent. Ethically, it contrasts external power with inner discernment and restraint in speech.

Sañjaya reports a speech in which Duryodhana challenges Arjuna, boasting that his army is like an unfordable flood and that he stands protected among the elephant divisions, implying Arjuna’s wish to fight is foolish.