Shloka 20

Adharmic Victory as Unstable; Rules of Restraint, Mediation, and Conciliation (अधर्मविजय-अध्रुवत्व तथा क्षमा-नयः)

Devanagari script

भूमिवर्ज धनं राजा जित्वा राजन्‌ महाहवे । अपि चान्नौषधी: शश्वदाजहार प्रतर्दन:

Transliteration

bhūmivarjaṃ dhanaṃ rājā jitvā rājan mahāhave | api cānnauṣadhīḥ śaśvad ājahāra pratardanaḥ ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“大王啊，往昔普罗塔尔达那王在一场大战中获胜后，掠取财宝——却将土地本身置之不取。并且，他还不断把粮食与药草的储备运回自己的都城。”此段彰显胜后之节制：取可移动之资而不毁并吞之土，以减轻伤害、维持秩序，而非灭绝败国。

Word by Word

• भूमि-वर्जम्: excluding the land
• भूमि-वर्जम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भूमि + वर्ज (वर्जित)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• धनम्: wealth, treasure
• धनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जित्वा: having conquered
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि (जय)
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• महाहवे: in the great battle
• महाहवे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + आहव
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अपि: also, even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अन्न-औषधीः: food and medicinal herbs
• अन्न-औषधीः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न + औषधी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

• शश्वत्: always, continually
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शश्वत्

• आजहारा: brought, carried off
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-हृ (हृ)
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular

• प्रतर्दनः: Pratardana (proper name)
• प्रतर्दनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतर्दन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Pratardana
• the king addressed (Yudhishthira)
• land (bhūmi)
• wealth/treasure (dhana)
• grain/provisions (anna)
• medicinal herbs (auṣadhī)