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Shloka 19

Adharmic Victory as Unstable; Rules of Restraint, Mediation, and Conciliation (अधर्मविजय-अध्रुवत्व तथा क्षमा-नयः)

एतेनैव च वृत्तेन महीं प्राप सुरोत्तम: । अनेन चेन्द्रविषयं विजिगीषन्ति पार्थिवा:,इसी बर्तावसे देवराज इन्द्रने राज्य पाया था और इसी बर्तावके द्वारा भूपालगण स्वर्गलोकपर विजय पाना चाहते हैं

etenaiva ca vṛttena mahīṃ prāpa surottamaḥ | anena cendravīṣayaṃ vijigīṣanti pārthivāḥ ||

毗湿摩说道:“正凭此等行持,诸神之最的因陀罗得以取得对大地的主权;也正凭此等行持,世间诸王希求征服因陀罗之境——天界。”

एतेनby this
एतेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वृत्तेनconduct/behavior
वृत्तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
महीम्the earth
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रापobtained/attained
प्राप:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सुरोत्तमःthe best of the gods (Indra)
सुरोत्तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुरोत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनेनby this
अनेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इन्द्रविषयम्Indra's domain (heaven/sovereignty)
इन्द्रविषयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रविषय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विजिगीषन्तिdesire to conquer
विजिगीषन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + जि (जि/जये) + गीष् (desiderative formation)
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada, Lat, Desiderative (सन्नन्त)
पार्थिवाःkings/earthly rulers
पार्थिवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
I
Indra
S
surottama (best of the gods)
P
pārthivāḥ (kings)
M
mahī (earth)
I
Indra’s realm (svarga/Indraloka implied)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that righteous conduct (vṛtta)—a disciplined, ethical way of living and ruling—is the decisive cause of both worldly sovereignty and heavenly attainment; power and victory are grounded in dharma rather than mere force.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on royal duty and dharma, Bhishma cites the example of the foremost god (implicitly Indra) attaining dominion through a particular code of conduct, and says that kings likewise aim at Indra’s heavenly realm by following that same conduct.