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Shloka 20

Treasury Security, Protection of Informants, and the Kalakavṛkṣīya Exemplum (Śānti Parva 83)

तथाविधस्य सुह्॒दा क्षन्तव्यं स्‍्वं विजानता । ऐश्वर्यमिच्छता नित्यं पुरुषेण बुभूषता

tathāvidhasya suhṛdaḥ kṣantavyaṃ svaṃ vijānatā | aiśvaryam icchatā nityaṃ puruṣeṇa bubhūṣatā ||

毗湿摩说道:“明辨之人,知晓何为自身真正的利益者,当宽恕这般怀善意的朋友。凡恒求王权与富盛、志在上进者,理当容忍忠诚劝谏者的急切乃至严厉——尤其当那位朋友因不堪你所受之害而强势前来警告:‘大王,你的财物正被人掠走!’”

तथाविधस्यof such a kind (person)
तथाविधस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootतथाविध
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
सुहृदःof a friend/well-wisher
सुहृदः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
क्षन्तव्यम्should be forgiven/endured
क्षन्तव्यम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootक्षम्
FormGerundive (तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, passive necessity
स्वम्one's own (fault/act)
स्वम्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootस्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विजानताby (one) who knows/discerns
विजानता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootवि + ज्ञा
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
ऐश्वर्यम्sovereignty/prosperity
ऐश्वर्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऐश्वर्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इच्छताby (one) desiring
इच्छता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
पुरुषेणby a man/person
पुरुषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
बुभूषताby (one) wishing to become/thrive
बुभूषता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormDesiderative present active participle (शतृ) from बुभूषति, Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
A
a well-wishing friend (suhṛd)
A
a king (rājan, implied in the cited speech)
W
wealth/treasure (dhana, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

A ruler or aspirant to prosperity should value frank, even forceful, counsel from a genuine well-wisher and forgive any perceived impropriety, because such admonition protects the king’s true interest.

In Bhishma’s instruction on righteous conduct and governance, he describes the case of a loyal friend who, distressed by the king’s impending loss, urgently warns him that his wealth is being taken; Bhishma concludes that such a friend should be heard and forgiven.