Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 19

Treasury Security, Protection of Informants, and the Kalakavṛkṣīya Exemplum (Śānti Parva 83)

सम्बुबोधयिषुर्मित्रं सदश्चवमिव सारथि: । अतिमन्युप्रसक्तो हि प्रसह हितकारणात्‌

saṃbubodhayīṣur mitraṃ sadaśvām iva sārathiḥ | atimanyuprasakto hi prasaha hitakāraṇāt ||

毗湿摩说道:“正如御者唤起并稳住良马,朋友亦然:为劝诫友人而来,见其损失将至,悲痛难当;因不能忍受,便为其福祉而强硬直言。凡明智而怀善意、恒求昌盛与进益之人,当听从这位施益之友,并宽恕其言辞间的峻烈。”

सम्बुबोधयिषुःwishing to admonish/awaken (to advise)
सम्बुबोधयिषुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + बुध् (बोधयितुम् इच्छति) / बुबोधयिषु (इच्छार्थक-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मित्रम्a friend
मित्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सदश्वम्a good horse
सदश्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत् + अश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
सारथिःa charioteer
सारथिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अतिमन्युप्रसक्तःexcessively seized by anger/distress
अतिमन्युप्रसक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअति + मन्यु + प्रसक्त (प्र + सञ्ज्/सक्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
प्रसहforcibly, insistently
प्रसह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रसह
हितकारणात्from/for the sake of benefit (as the cause of good)
हितकारणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootहित + कारण
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
F
friend (mitra)
C
charioteer (sārathi)
H
horse (aśva)

Educational Q&A

A ruler or any wise person should accept frank, even forceful, admonition from a true friend when it is motivated by concern for one’s welfare, and should forgive the friend’s harsh tone because the intent is beneficial.

In Bhishma’s instruction on righteous conduct, he uses the metaphor of a charioteer correcting a good horse to explain how a well-wishing friend may urgently warn a king about impending loss; the king should listen and not punish the friend for blunt speech.