Shloka 20

Purohita-Niyoga and the Brahma–Kṣatra Concord

Aila–Kaśyapa Saṃvāda

Devanagari script

ऐल उवाच न वै वातः परिवृणोति ककश्रि- न्न जीमूतो वर्षति नापि देव: । तथायुक्तो दृश्यते मानुषेषु कामद्वेषाद्‌ बध्यते मुहते च

Transliteration

aila uvāca | na vai vātaḥ parivṛṇoti kaścid na jīmūto varṣati nāpi devaḥ | tathāyukto dṛśyate mānuṣeṣu kāmadveṣād badhyate muhyate ca |

Translation

艾罗（普鲁罗婆娑）说：“风本身并不包覆任何人；云本身也不独自降雨；神祇亦非凭一己之力便使雨落。同样，在人间，自我唯有与诸缘和合——与心、与诸根及其余诸法相连——方可见。它被欲与憎所缚，陷入迷妄，终至败亡。”

Word by Word

• ऐलः: Aila (Purūravas), son of Ilā
• ऐलः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऐल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• वातः: wind
• वातः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परिवृणोति: covers, envelops
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृ (वृञ्) (धातु)
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular

• कश्चित्: someone, anyone
• कश्चित्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: कश्चित् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• जीमूतः: cloud
• जीमूतः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जीमूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वर्षति: rains
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृष् (धातु)
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अपि: also, even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• देवः: god (Indra/Deva)
• देवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: thus, in that way
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• आयुक्तः: joined, connected
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आयुक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; युज् + क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दृश्यते: is seen, appears
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: Present, Passive/Ātmanepada, 3rd, Singular

• मानुषेषु: among humans, in men
• मानुषेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• कामद्वेषात्: from desire and hatred
• कामद्वेषात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कामद्वेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• बध्यते: is bound
• Type: Verb
• Root: बन्ध् (धातु)
• Form: Present, Passive/Ātmanepada, 3rd, Singular

• मुह्यते: is deluded
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुह् (धातु)
• Form: Present, Ātmanepada, 3rd, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

ऐल उवाच

Characters & Entities

• ऐल (Purūravas/Aila)
• वात (wind)
• जीमूत (cloud)
• देव (god/divine agency)
• मानुष (human beings)
• काम (desire)
• द्वेष (aversion)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that effects arise from conjunction and conditions, not from a single isolated cause; likewise the self in embodied life is experienced together with mind and senses, and becomes bound and deluded through desire (kāma) and aversion (dveṣa), leading to downfall.

What is happening in the narrative?

Purūravas (Aila) speaks reflectively, using natural analogies (wind, cloud, divine agency and rain) to explain how human experience and bondage occur through association with mental and sensory factors, emphasizing the ethical danger of being driven by desire and hatred.