Shloka 9
राजधर्मस्य नवनीतम्—रक्षा, दण्ड, चार, उत्थान
Rājadharma’s ‘Essence’: Protection, Punishment, Intelligence, and Royal Diligence
बलानां हर्षणं नित्यं प्रजानामन्ववेक्षणम् । कार्येष्वखेद: कोशस्य तथैव च विवर्धनम्
bhīṣma uvāca | balānāṁ harṣaṇaṁ nityaṁ prajānām anvavekṣaṇam | kāryeṣv akhedaḥ kośasya tathaiva ca vivardhanam, yudhiṣṭhira |
毗湿摩说道：“噢，坚战啊，护国之道包括：常使军旅欢欣振奋；不间断地察看百姓；办理国事不知疲惫、不生懈怠；并且同样要稳步充实国库。”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A ruler preserves the state through four continuous disciplines: keep the army encouraged, watch over the people directly, remain untiring in public duties, and steadily strengthen the treasury. The verse frames governance as sustained vigilance and responsible stewardship rather than occasional action.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma—lying on his bed of arrows—teaches Yudhishthira practical principles of kingship. This verse is a compact summary of key administrative priorities: morale, public welfare oversight, diligent execution of tasks, and fiscal growth.