Shloka 30

Puruṣaikatva-vyākhyāna: The One Virāṭ Puruṣa and the Many ‘Puruṣas’

Rudra–Brahmā Saṃvāda

Devanagari script

तत्रापि पञ्चभिर्यज्जै: पजचकालानरिंदम । अयजद्धरिं सुरपतिं भूमेविवरगो5पि सन्‌

Transliteration

tatrāpi pañcabhir yajñaiḥ pañcakālān ariṃdama | ayajaddhariṃ surapatiṃ bhūmevavivare 'pi san śatrudamana yudhiṣṭhira ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“即便在那里，噢，制敌者！纵然居于大地之下如洞穴般的裂隙中，优波利遮罗王（Uparicara）仍以每日五时行五种祭祀，礼敬诃利（Hari）——诸天之主。” 因而，坚定的虔敬与严整的仪轨，即使在艰难隐蔽之境亦未曾废弛。

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• पञ्चभिः: with five
• पञ्चभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्च
• Form: —, Instrumental, Plural

• यज्ञैः: by sacrifices
• यज्ञैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• पञ्चकालान्: the five times (daily periods)
• पञ्चकालान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चकाल
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अरिंदम: O subduer of foes
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरिंदम
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• अयजत्: worshipped/sacrificed
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

• हरिम्: Hari (Vishnu)
• हरिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सुरपतिम्: lord of the gods
• सुरपतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरपति
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• भूमौ: on/in the earth
• भूमौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• इव: as if/like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• विवरगः: one who has gone into a cavity (dweller in a hole)
• विवरगः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विवरग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपि: even/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• सन्: being
• सन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Present active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Uparicara (king)
• Hari (Viṣṇu)
• Pātāla (netherworld, implied by the Hindi gloss)
• Earth (bhūmi)
• Cavern/cleft (vivara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True dharma is steadiness in sacred duty: even in constrained or hidden conditions, one should maintain disciplined worship and ethical observance, showing that devotion is not dependent on comfort or public display.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma cites King Uparicara as an exemplar, saying that although he lived in an underground cleft (as the tradition glosses, in Pātāla), he still performed the five daily sacrificial rites and worshipped Hari as the supreme divine lord.