Shloka 11

अध्याय ३३७ — ज्ञानमार्ग-वैविध्यप्रश्नः तथा व्यासस्य नारायणोद्भवकथा

Systems of Knowledge and Vyāsa’s Nārāyaṇa-Origin

Devanagari script

अहिंस्न: शुचिरक्षुद्रो निराशी: कर्मसंस्तुत: । आरण्यकपदोदभूता भागास्तत्रोपकल्पिता:

Transliteration

ahiṃsnaḥ śucir akṣudro nirāśīḥ karmasaṃstutaḥ | āraṇyakapadodbhūtā bhāgās tatropakalpitāḥ ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“他们远离暴害，清净而心怀宽厚；不为私欲所牵，以可称颂之心而行事。在那场祭祀中，献给诸天的份额皆以林野所生之供品来安排——果实、根茎等物——显明此乃立足于不害与朴素的法仪，而非以伤害与奢侈为本。”

Word by Word

• अहिंसकः: non-violent
• अहिंसकः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अहिंसक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शुचिः: pure
• शुचिः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अक्षुद्रः: noble; not mean
• अक्षुद्रः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अक्षुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निराशीः: free from desires/expectations
• निराशीः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निराशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कर्मसंस्तुतः: praised/approved for (his) actions
• कर्मसंस्तुतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कर्मसंस्तुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• आरण्यकपदोद्भूताः: arisen from forest-produce (fruits/roots etc.)
• आरण्यकपदोद्भूताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आरण्यकपद-उद्भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भागाः: shares/portions (offerings due)
• भागाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तत्र: there; in that (rite)
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)

• उपकल्पिताः: were arranged/assigned
• उपकल्पिताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-कल्प् (धातु) → उपकल्पित (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive (past participle)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• deities (devāḥ)
• sacrificial portions (bhāgāḥ)
• forest produce (fruits, roots, etc.)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True dharmic action is marked by non-violence, purity, and freedom from selfish desire; even ritual can be aligned with ethics by using harmless, simple offerings and right intention.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma describes a form of sacrifice in which the participants are non-violent and desireless, and the gods’ allotted portions are prepared from forest produce (fruits and roots), emphasizing an austere, ethically restrained ritual practice.