Shloka 37

अव्यक्तकालमान-निर्णयः

Measures of Time from the Unmanifest; Creation, Elements, and the Primacy of Mind

Devanagari script

न वै देवा हीनसत्त्वेन तोष्या: सर्वाशिना दुष्कृतकर्मणा वा । सत्यव्रता ये तु नरा: कृतज्ञा धर्मे रतास्तै: सह सम्भजन्ते

Transliteration

na vai devā hīna-sattvena toṣyāḥ sarvāśinā duṣkṛta-karmaṇā vā | satya-vratā ye tu narāḥ kṛtajñā dharme ratās taiḥ saha sambhajante ||

Translation

诸天不为德性薄弱之人所悦，不为不加分别而吞食万物之人所悦，也不为以恶业为生之人所悦。相反，诸天与那些持守真实之誓、知恩报德、乐住于法（dharma）的人类结成善意之缘。

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• हीनसत्त्वेन: by deficient character/strength
• हीनसत्त्वेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: हीनसत्त्व
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• तोष्याः: to be pleased / should be satisfied
• Type: Verb
• Root: तुष्
• Form: Gerundive (future passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वाशिना: by an all-devouring/gluttonous (person)
• सर्वाशिना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वाशिन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• दुष्कृतकर्मणा: by evil deeds
• दुष्कृतकर्मणा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्कृतकर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• वा: or
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• सत्यव्रताः: having truth as a vow / truth-observing
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्यव्रत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ये: who
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तु: but
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• नराः: men
• नराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कृतज्ञाः: grateful
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृतज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• धर्मे: in dharma / in righteousness
• धर्मे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• रताः: devoted/engaged
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रत
• Form: Past passive participle (used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तैः: with those
• तैः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

• सम्भजन्ते: associate with / form affectionate relation
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-भज्
• Form: Present, Atmanepada, Third, Plural

Speaker

हंस उवाच

Characters & Entities

• देवाः (the gods)
• नराः (human beings)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Divine favor is not won by mere appetite, power, or outward acts when one lacks virtue; it comes through inner moral quality—truthfulness, gratitude, and steadfast commitment to dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Hamsa (the swan-sage) instructs the listener that the gods do not align themselves with morally degraded, indiscriminate, or sinful people; instead, they associate with those who live by truth, gratitude, and righteous conduct.