Shloka 3
Āśrama-dharma and Brahmacarya: Śuka’s Inquiry on Karma and Tyāga (शुक-प्रश्नः कर्मत्यागविवेकश्च)
अधीत्य वेदानखिलान् गुरुशुश्रूषणे रत: । गुरूणामनृणो भूत्वा समावर्तेत यज्ञवित्
adhītya vedān akhilān guruśuśrūṣaṇe rataḥ | gurūṇām anṛṇo bhūtvā samāvarteta yajñavit ||
毗耶娑说：既已尽学诸吠陀，且恒常勤于侍奉师长；弟子以应当的达克希那（dakṣiṇā）奉献诸师，偿尽师恩之债，便当举行毕业归家之礼（samāvartana），回归居家之道，成为通晓祭祀（yajña）与神圣义务之人。
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
A student’s dharma is to complete Vedic study with disciplined service to the teacher, then repay the teachers’ obligation (through proper guru-dakṣiṇā and conduct), and only after becoming ‘debt-free’ to the guru should he formally graduate (samāvartana) and enter the next stage of life with understanding of yajña and duty.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct, Vyāsa lays out the proper sequence for a brahmacārin: study the Vedas, serve the guru, settle one’s obligation to the teachers, and then perform the samāvartana rite that marks the completion of studentship and the return to household responsibilities.