Shloka 37
बलीन्द्रसंवादः — Kāla, Anityatā, and the Limits of Agency
Mahābhārata 12.217
विकार प्रकृतिं चैव पुरुषं च सनातनम् । यो यथावद् विजानाति स वितृष्णो विमुच्यते
vikāra-prakṛtiṁ caiva puruṣaṁ ca sanātanam | yo yathāvad vijānāti sa vitṛṣṇo vimucyate ||
毗湿摩说道：凡如实了知变异、原初之自然（Prakṛti），并了知永恒之补卢沙（Puruṣa，觉知之我）者，便能离贪无欲，而得解脱。
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Liberation arises from accurate discernment: knowing (1) vikāra—changing phenomena, (2) prakṛti—the material source of those changes, and (3) puruṣa—the eternal conscious principle. This clear knowledge dissolves craving (tṛṣṇā), and with desire extinguished, one is freed.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on the path to peace after the war. Here he frames mokṣa as the fruit of philosophical discernment (Sāṅkhya-like analysis) rather than external achievement, emphasizing inner renunciation through right understanding.