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Shloka 8

Prajñā as Pratiṣṭhā — Indra–Kāśyapa Saṃvāda (Śānti-parva 12.173)

स्वाध्यायेन वियुक्तो हि ब्रह्म॒वर्चसवर्जित: । तद्व्र॒तस्तत्र मे शंका हन्यात्‌ तं॑ स द्विजाधम:

svādhyāyena viyukto hi brahmavarcasa-varjitaḥ | tadvratas tatra me śaṅkā hanyāt taṃ sa dvijādhamaḥ ||

毗湿摩说:“因为他不修自习诵读(svādhyāya),又失却婆罗门的光辉威德。他的行状似乎正趋向那般恶途;故我疑他——唯恐那卑劣的婆罗门会杀害我的朋友。”

स्वाध्यायेनby/with (the) self-study (Vedic recitation)
स्वाध्यायेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाध्याय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वियुक्तःdeprived, separated
वियुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवियुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
ब्रह्मवर्चसवर्जितःdevoid of brahmic splendor/tejas
ब्रह्मवर्चसवर्जितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्मवर्चस-वर्जित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
व्रतःvow, observance; (one) of such conduct
व्रतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere, in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
मेmy, of me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
शङ्काdoubt, suspicion
शङ्का:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्का
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
हन्यात्might kill, may slay
हन्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजाधमःthe lowest of the twice-born
द्विजाधमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज-अधम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (भीष्म)
A
a base/unworthy Brahmin (द्विजाधम)
B
Bhishma's friend (मित्र)

Educational Q&A

The verse links ethical reliability to disciplined learning: one who abandons svādhyāya and lacks brahmavarcasa (the moral-spiritual authority born of Vedic discipline) is portrayed as prone to harmful conduct, and thus becomes an object of justified caution.

Bhishma expresses apprehension about an unworthy Brahmin whose lack of Vedic study and spiritual radiance makes him seem violent; Bhishma fears that this person may harm (even kill) Bhishma’s friend.