Shloka 16
Gautama’s Flight, the Enchanted Grove, and the Arrival of Rājadharma
Nāḍījaṅgha
धर्मार्थहेतो: क्षमते तितिक्षा क्षान्तिरुच्यते । लोकसंग्रहणार्थ वै सा तु धैर्येण लभ्यते
dharmārtha-hetoḥ kṣamate titikṣā kṣāntir ucyate | loka-saṅgrahaṇārthaṃ vai sā tu dhairyeṇa labhyate | (anāsūyā: paradoṣādarśanam)
毗湿摩说道：为护持法（dharma）与世间利益（artha）而忍受艰难的忍耐，名为“提提克沙”(titikṣā)，亦称“刹安提”(kṣānti，宽忍)。为摄持世人、以身作则而导引社会，此行当必修习。此等忍耐由“达伊利耶”(dhairya，坚忍定力)而得。（不察他人过失者，名为“阿那苏耶”(anāsūyā)。）
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
True forbearance (titikṣā/kṣānti) is the capacity to endure hardship specifically in pursuit of dharma and rightful worldly aims (artha). It is not passive weakness but a disciplined virtue cultivated through dhairya (steadfast courage), and it serves loka-saṅgraha—supporting and guiding society by personal example.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma after the war, Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira about ethical virtues. Here he defines and praises titikṣā (endurance) as a socially sustaining practice, linking it to inner steadiness and adding the allied virtue of anāsūyā—refraining from fault-finding.