Shloka 7

Durgātitaraṇa—Conduct for Crossing Difficulties (दुर्गातितरणम्)

Devanagari script

ये वा पापं न कुर्वन्ति कर्मणा मनसा गिरा । निक्षिप्तदण्डा भूतेषु दुर्गाण्यतितरन्ति ते

Transliteration

ye vā pāpaṁ na kurvanti karmaṇā manasā girā | nikṣiptadaṇḍā bhūteṣu durgāṇy atitaranti te ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：凡不以身行、意念或言语造罪，并已对一切众生放下暴力者，纵遇最艰险的危难，也能渡过。

Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• वा: or/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• पापम्: sin, evil
• पापम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• कुर्वन्ति: do, commit
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Present (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• कर्मणा: by action/deed
• कर्मणा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• मनसा: by mind
• मनसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• गिरा: by speech/word
• गिरा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिर्
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• निक्षिप्तदण्डाः: having laid down the rod; non-violent
• निक्षिप्तदण्डाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निक्षिप्त-दण्ड
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भूतेषु: towards/in living beings
• भूतेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• दुर्गाणि: difficulties, dangers
• दुर्गाणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्ग
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• अतितरन्ति: cross over, overcome
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति-तॄ
• Form: Present (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• bhūta (living beings)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Moral purity must be threefold—action, thought, and speech—and it culminates in non-violence toward all beings; such restraint becomes a protective force that helps one overcome severe difficulties.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma is advising on conduct and inner discipline, stating that those who refrain from wrongdoing in body, mind, and words, and who renounce harming creatures, successfully pass through dangers.