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Shloka 20

Chapter 59: Baladeva’s Censure, Keśava’s Restraint, and Yudhiṣṭhira’s Moral Accounting

धार्मिको भीमसेनो<सावित्याहुस्त्वां पुरा जना: । स कस्माद्‌ भीमसेन त्वं राजानमधितिष्ठसि

dhārmiko bhīmaseno ’sāv ity āhus tvāṃ purā janāḥ | sa kasmād bhīmasena tvaṃ rājānam adhitiṣṭhasi ||

三阇耶说道:“从前人们常说你:‘此毗摩塞那真为持义之人。’若果如此,毗摩塞那啊,你如今为何践踏那位国王(杜利约陀那)?”

धार्मिकःrighteous, virtuous
धार्मिकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधार्मिक (धर्म + इक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीमसेनःBhimasena
भीमसेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
आहुःthey said / have said
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुराformerly, earlier
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सःthat (person), he
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कस्मात्from what? why?
कस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
भीमसेनO Bhimasena
भीमसेन:
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजानम्the king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अधितिष्ठसिyou stand upon / trample / overstep
अधितिष्ठसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-स्था
FormPresent, Indicative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
B
Bhimasena (Bhima)
K
King Duryodhana
P
People (janāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tension between one’s reputation for dharma and actions taken in the heat of war, questioning whether humiliating or excessive violence against a fallen foe can be reconciled with righteousness.

In the aftermath of the climactic duel, Bhima is depicted as standing over/pressing upon the defeated Duryodhana; Sanjaya reports that people once praised Bhima as righteous and now question why he treats the fallen king in this manner.