Shloka 12

Devanagari script

क्ष्वेडितास्फोटितोकत्क्रुष्टैस्तुमुलं सर्वतो5भवत्‌ | बाहुशब्दैश्व शूराणां कर्णार्जुनसमागमे

Transliteration

kṣveḍitāsphoṭitotkatkruṣṭais tumulaṃ sarvato 'bhavat | bāhuśabdaiś ca śūrāṇāṃ karṇārjunasamāgame ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：迦尔那与阿周那交锋之际，战场四面皆成喧腾。勇士们如狮子般咆哮，击掌呼喊，拍击臂膀以示挑战，于是可怖的巨响处处升起。

Word by Word

• क्ष्वेडित: by roars/cries (lion-like shouts)
• क्ष्वेडित: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्ष्वेडित (क्ष्वेड् + क्त)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• आस्फोटित: by clappings/snappings (of hands)
• आस्फोटित: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आस्फोटित (आ + स्फोट् + क्त)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• उत्क्रुष्टैः: by loud shouts
• उत्क्रुष्टैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्क्रुष्ट (उत् + कृश्/क्रुश् + क्त)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• तुमुलम्: tumultuous, dreadful (noise)
• तुमुलम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुमुल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वतः: on all sides
• सर्वतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वतः

• अभवत्: arose/was
• अभवत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular

• बाहुशब्दैः: by arm-thumps (sounds made by striking the arms)
• बाहुशब्दैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाहुशब्द (बाहु + शब्द)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• शूराणाम्: of the heroes
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूर
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• कर्णार्जुनसमागमे: in the encounter of Karna and Arjuna
• कर्णार्जुनसमागमे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्णार्जुनसमागम (कर्ण + अर्जुन + समागम)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Karṇa
• Arjuna
• śūrāḥ (warriors)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how collective excitement and martial pride amplify violence: the external roar of acclaim and challenge mirrors the inner forces—ego, rivalry, and duty—that propel warriors into battle, reminding readers to discern the ethical weight behind heroic spectacle.

What is happening in the narrative?

As Karṇa and Arjuna engage, surrounding warriors react with lion-roars, clapping, loud cries, and arm-striking gestures, creating a terrifying, all-pervading din that marks the intensity of this pivotal duel.