Shloka 186

Devanagari script

दुःशासनो महाराज सात्यकिं पर्यवारयत्‌ । भरतवंशी महाराज! “इस सात्यकिको मार डालो”, इस प्रकार उन समस्त सैनिकोंको प्रेरित करते हुए दुःशासनने उन्हें चारों ओरसे घेर लिया

Transliteration

duḥśāsano mahārāja sātyakiṃ paryavārayat |

Translation

桑阇耶说道：大王啊，杜沙娑那从四面围困萨底耶吉，并以呼号煽动众军：“杀了这个萨底耶吉！”他一面驱使诸兵，一面令其合围，将他团团困住。此景显出这位俱卢王子在战火炽烈之际鼓动群体暴行；在战争的混乱中，谋略的压迫与道德的克制同受考验。

Word by Word

• दुःशासनः: Duhshasana
• दुःशासनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःशासन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महाराज: O great king
• महाराज: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सात्यकिम्: Satyaki
• सात्यकिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्यकि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पर्यवारयत्: surrounded, enclosed
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + √वृ (वरणे/आवरणे)
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Duḥśāsana
• Sātyaki

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how leaders can inflame mass violence through command and rhetoric; it invites reflection on accountability in war—whether one restrains aggression or amplifies it by inciting others.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duḥśāsana rallies the Kaurava troops to kill Sātyaki and physically encircles him, attempting to overwhelm him through coordinated pressure from all sides.