Shloka 81

Droṇa–Arjuna Yuddha; Trigarta-Āvaraṇa; Bhīmasena Gajānīka-bheda

Droṇa and Arjuna Engage; Trigarta Containment; Bhīma Breaks the Elephant Corps

Devanagari script

दृष्टवा च पाण्डवो भ्रातृन्‌ युध्यमानान्‌ महारथान्‌ | त्वरितो भरतश्रेष्ठ तत्रायुध्यत्‌ किरञ्छरान्‌

Transliteration

dṛṣṭvā ca pāṇḍavo bhrātṝn yudhyamānān mahārathān | tvarito bharataśreṣṭha tatrāyudhyat kirañ charān ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：“阿周那见诸兄弟——那些大车战士——已在鏖战，便急速上前，婆罗多族中最卓越者啊，他当即在彼处投入战斗，箭雨纷飞。”

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पाण्डवः: the Pandava (Arjuna)
• पाण्डवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भ्रातॄन्: brothers
• भ्रातॄन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• युध्यमानान्: fighting
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• महारथान्: great chariot-warriors
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• त्वरितः: hastened, quickly moving
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वरित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भरतश्रेष्ठ: O best of the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरतश्रेष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• आयुध्यत्: fought, engaged in battle
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), आत्मनेपद, Third, Singular

• किरन्: scattering, showering
• Type: Verb
• Root: कॄ (किरति)
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शरान्: arrows
• शरान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• भरतश्रेष्ठ: O best of the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरतश्रेष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Arjuna
• Pāṇḍava brothers
• Bharata (dynastic epithet; addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
• arrows

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma: when one’s rightful side is engaged in a just battle, a warrior should not remain passive. Arjuna’s swift entry signifies disciplined courage and solidarity with his brothers, acting from duty rather than fear or indecision.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna sees his brothers—mighty chariot-warriors—already fighting. He immediately hastens into the fray and begins combat, releasing a rapid shower of arrows.