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Shloka 18

भीष्मस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति उपालम्भः

Bhīṣma’s Reproof to Duryodhana

दुर्योधनो महाराज राक्षसान्‌ समुपाद्रवत्‌ । अमर्षवशमापतन्नस्त्यक्त्वा जीवितमात्मन:

sañjaya uvāca | duryodhano mahārāja rākṣasān samupādravat | amarṣavaśam āpatan na tyaktvā jīvitam ātmanaḥ ||

桑阇耶说道:大王啊,杜尤陀那被炽烈的愤怒所驱使,径直冲向那些罗刹,竟将自身性命置之度外。眼见象骑兵被击溃殆尽之后,他在战场混乱之中以受辱的傲气与怒火为鞭策,舍自保而取鲁莽之勇。

दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राक्षसान्the Rakshasas (demons)
राक्षसान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
समुपाद्रवत्rushed upon / charged at
समुपाद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अमर्ष-वशम्under the sway of wrath/indignation
अमर्ष-वशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमर्षवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आपतत्fell into / came under
आपतत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
नःof us / our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Plural, First
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आत्मनःof himself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'mahārāja')
R
Rākṣasas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how anger and wounded pride (amarṣa) can overpower discernment, pushing a warrior toward rash action and disregard for life. It implicitly contrasts impulsive, ego-driven courage with steadier, dharma-guided judgment.

After his elephant-mounted fighters have been broken and destroyed, Duryodhana—stung by humiliation and fury—charges at the Rākṣasa warriors. Sañjaya reports this to the king, emphasizing Duryodhana’s rage and his willingness to risk his life.