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Shloka 21

Bhīṣma–Karṇa Saṃvāda on the Śaraśayyā (भीष्म–कर्ण संवादः शरशय्यायाम्)

पुत्रस्तु तव त॑ दृष्टवा भीमार्जुनपराक्रमम्‌ । गाड़ेयस्य रथाभ्याशमुपजग्मे महाबल:

sañjaya uvāca |

putras tu tava taṁ dṛṣṭvā bhīmārjunaparākramam |

gāṅgeyasya rathābhyāśam upajagme mahābalaḥ ||

ekaikaṁ tribhir ānarccchat kaṅkukabarhiṇavājitaiḥ |

śuśarmāṇaṁ ca kṛpācāryaṁ ca tribhir eva vyadhat ||

prāgjyotiṣanṛpaṁ bhagadattaṁ sindhurājaṁ jayadratham |

citrasenaṁ vikarṇaṁ ca kṛtavarmāṇam eva ca |

durmīṣaṇaṁ tathā vīrau vindānuvindau mahārathau |

etān ekaikaṁ tribhir iṣubhir gṛdhrapakṣopamaiḥ pīḍayām āsa ||

三阇耶说道:见到毗摩与阿周那那般威势,你的儿子——强悍的难敌——便趋近恒河之子毗湿摩的战车。在战场上,他以三支兀鹫翎羽之箭射向每一人:以三矢贯穿须舍摩与师长克利波;又同样以三矢使普罗阇约提沙之王婆伽达多、信度王阇耶陀罗他、质多罗塞那、毗迦尔那、克利多伐摩、杜尔弥沙那,以及大车战士温达与阿奴温达——各各受其剧痛。

पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), —
भीम-अर्जुन-पराक्रमम्the prowess of Bhima and Arjuna
भीम-अर्जुन-पराक्रमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपराक्रम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गाङ्गेयस्यof the son of Ganga (Bhishma)
गाङ्गेयस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootगाङ्गेय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रथ-अभ्याशम्near the chariot / the vicinity of the chariot
रथ-अभ्याशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअभ्याश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपजग्मेapproached/went near
उपजग्मे:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाबलःmighty/very strong
महाबलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एक-एकम्each (one by one)
एक-एकम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएक
त्रिभिःwith three
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral
Rootत्रि
Form—, Instrumental, Plural
आनर्च्छत्struck/shot at (hit)
आनर्च्छत्:
TypeVerb
Rootऋच्छ् (आ-ऋच्छ्)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कडुक-बर्हिण-वाजितैःwith arrows furnished with (kadūka-) peacock-feathered fittings
कडुक-बर्हिण-वाजितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवाजित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
B
Bhīma
A
Arjuna
B
Bhīṣma (Gāṅgeya)
Ś
Śuśarmā
K
Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
B
Bhagadatta
P
Prāgjyotiṣa
J
Jayadratha
S
Sindhu (Sindhurāja)
C
Citraseṇa
V
Vikarṇa
K
Kṛtavarman
D
Durmīṣaṇa
V
Vinda
A
Anuvinda
C
Chariot (ratha)
A
Arrows (iṣu/bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights how martial pride and fear operate together: even a powerful leader, stirred by the prowess of opponents (Bhīma and Arjuna), seeks proximity to an elder authority (Bhīṣma) while escalating violence. Ethically, it reflects the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension between kṣatriya duty (display of valor) and the widening harm that war unleashes.

Sañjaya reports that Duryodhana, seeing Bhīma and Arjuna’s valor, goes near Bhīṣma’s chariot. In the battle he shoots multiple named warriors—Śuśarmā, Kṛpa, Bhagadatta, Jayadratha, Citraseṇa, Vikarṇa, Kṛtavarman, Durmīṣaṇa, Vinda, and Anuvinda—each with three arrows, described as feathered like vulture wings.